Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Gharbia Governate, Egypt.
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Gharbia Governate, Egypt.
Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2020 Mar-Apr;31(2):395-406. doi: 10.4103/1319-2442.284014.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined by the Kidney Disease and Outcome Quality Initiative as a child who has kidney damage lasting for at least three months with or without decreased glomerular filtration rate. Hemodialysis (HD) means removal of waste products and extra fluid directly from the blood when the kidneys do not work properly. Studies aimed at investigating neurocognitive impairment in children with CKD have identified a wide range of delays in cognitive development. The aim of this study was to assess the cognitive functions and adaptive behavior in children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on regular HD. This case-controlled study was conducted on 30 children suffering from ESRD who were on treatment at the Pediatric Nephrology Unit of Tanta University Hospital. Thirty apparently healthy children served as a control group, in the period from January 2017 to January 2018. All children were subjected to full history taking, careful physical and neurological examination, specific investigations including assessment of intelligence quotient (IQ) using Stanford Binet test 5 edition; assessment of adaptive behavior, assessment of executive functions by using Wisconsin Card Sorting Test; and continuous performance test. This study showed that mean values of IQ and the Vineland test were significantly lower among patients than controls. The study suggests that children with ESRD had lower IQ, adaptive behavior and executive functions than healthy control children.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）定义为儿童肾脏损伤持续至少三个月，伴有或不伴有肾小球滤过率降低。血液透析（HD）是指当肾脏功能不正常时，直接从血液中清除废物和多余的液体。旨在调查 CKD 儿童神经认知障碍的研究发现，认知发育存在广泛延迟。本研究旨在评估常规 HD 治疗的终末期肾病（ESRD）儿童的认知功能和适应行为。这项病例对照研究于 2017 年 1 月至 2018 年 1 月期间在坦塔大学医院儿科肾病科对 30 名患有 ESRD 的儿童进行。30 名明显健康的儿童作为对照组。所有儿童均接受了完整的病史采集、仔细的体格和神经系统检查、具体的检查，包括使用斯坦福-比奈智力量表第 5 版评估智商；评估适应行为，使用威斯康星卡片分类测试评估执行功能；和连续性能测试。本研究表明，与对照组相比，患者的智商和文兰适应行为量表的平均值明显较低。研究表明，与健康对照组儿童相比，ESRD 儿童的智商、适应行为和执行功能较低。
