Ochs D L, Toth T E, Pyle R H, Siegel P B
Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061.
Am J Vet Res. 1988 Dec;49(12):2081-4.
The respiratory tract of healthy chickens contain few free-residing phagocytic cells. Intratracheal inoculation with Pasteurella multocida stimulated a significant (P less than 0.05) migration of cells to the lungs and air sacs of White Rock chickens within 2 hours after inoculation. We found the maximal number of avian respiratory tract phagocytes (22.9 +/- 14.0 x 10(6] at 8 hours after inoculation. Flow cytometric analysis of these cells revealed 2 populations on the basis of cell-size and cellular granularity. One of these was similar in size and granularity to those of blood heterophils. Only this population was capable of generating oxidative metabolites in response to phorbol myristate acetate. The ability of the heterophils to produce hydrogen peroxide, measured as the oxidation of intracellularly loaded 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein, decreased with time after inoculation. These results suggest that the migration of heterophils, which are capable of high levels of oxidative metabolism, to the lungs and air sacs may be an important defense mechanism of poultry against bacterial infections of the respiratory tract.
健康鸡的呼吸道中游离的吞噬细胞很少。用多杀性巴氏杆菌进行气管内接种后，在接种后2小时内刺激了显著（P小于0.05）的细胞向白洛克鸡的肺和气囊迁移。我们发现在接种后8小时禽呼吸道吞噬细胞数量最多（22.9±14.0×10⁶）。对这些细胞进行流式细胞术分析，根据细胞大小和细胞颗粒度发现有两个群体。其中一个群体在大小和颗粒度上与血液中的异嗜性粒细胞相似。只有这个群体能够响应佛波酯肉豆蔻酸酯产生氧化代谢物。以细胞内加载的2',7'-二氯荧光素的氧化来衡量，异嗜性粒细胞产生过氧化氢的能力在接种后随时间下降。这些结果表明，能够进行高水平氧化代谢的异嗜性粒细胞向肺和气囊的迁移可能是家禽抵御呼吸道细菌感染的一种重要防御机制。
