Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5. 790, Jardim Universitário, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil.
Federal Rural University of Amazonia, Campus Capitão Poço, Estrada Pau Amarelo, Vila Nova, Capitão Poço, Pará, 68650-000, Brazil.
Environ Monit Assess. 2020 May 12;192(6):360. doi: 10.1007/s10661-020-08328-9.
Hospital laundries are responsible for a significant part of the amount of wastewater that is generated in hospitals. Hospital laundry wastewater represents a complex mixture of chemicals that arouse concerns about possible environmental risks. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of different laundry effluents from the Regional University Hospital of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil, on Allium cepa L. meristematic root cells. The effluents were characterised as rinsing, wetting, prewashing, washing, softening, wastewater (the effluent generated at the end of the washing process), the wastewater that was treated by physicochemical (PC) processes and the wastewater that was treated by advanced oxidation processes (PC + UV, PC + HO and PC + UV/HO). The mitotic indexes were calculated by scoring 5000 cells per group and the statistical analyses were performed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's post-test (α = 0.05). Results showed that the rinsing, wetting, prewashing and wastewater laundry effluents were cytotoxic at 24 h of exposure, significantly reducing the mitotic index. Despite the slight cytotoxicity of the PC + UV/HO treatment, physicochemical and advanced oxidation processes efficiently reduced the critical parameters of wastewater, such as the biochemical and chemical oxygen demands, to tolerable levels of effluent discharge. It is essential to perform constant monitoring of these effluents in order to reduce the possible occurrence of environmental impacts.
医院洗衣房负责处理医院产生的大量废水。医院洗衣房废水是一种复杂的化学混合物，引起了对可能的环境风险的关注。本研究的目的是评估巴西巴拉那州马兰加地区大学医院不同洗衣废水对洋葱根尖细胞的细胞毒性。这些废水被分为冲洗废水、润湿废水、预洗废水、洗涤废水、软化废水、废水（洗涤过程结束时产生的废水）、经物理化学（PC）处理的废水和经高级氧化处理的废水（PC + UV、PC + HO 和 PC + UV/HO）。每组记录 5000 个细胞的有丝分裂指数，并通过单向方差分析（ANOVA）和 Tukey 事后检验（α=0.05）进行统计分析。结果表明，冲洗废水、润湿废水、预洗废水和废水洗衣废水在暴露 24 小时后具有细胞毒性，显著降低了有丝分裂指数。尽管 PC + UV/HO 处理具有轻微的细胞毒性，但物理化学和高级氧化过程有效地降低了废水的关键参数，如生化需氧量和化学需氧量，使其达到可排放的废水水平。必须对这些废水进行持续监测，以减少可能发生的环境影响。
