Huang Zheng, Liu Qiang, Pointer Michael R, Chen Wei, Liu Ying, Wang Yu
J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2020 Apr 1;37(4):A170-A180. doi: 10.1364/JOSAA.381498.
A series of psychophysical experiments have been conducted to investigate the effect of light sources on the color appearance of Chinese bronzeware. Three groups of 30 observers were asked to evaluate a set of Chinese bronzeware under different light sources in three paired-comparison experiments-one group of observers for each experiment. The visual attributes of color preference, color comfort, color discrimination, and antiquity were scaled. A panel of seven light sources of 3000 K, with Duv values ranging from $ - {0}.{015}$-0.015 to 0.015, was used in Experiment 1. A second panel of seven light sources of 4000 K, with a similar range of Duv values, was used in Experiment 2. For Experiment 3, six light sources were chosen from Exps. 1 and 2, plus four lights of 2700 K, 3300 K, 3700 K, and 4300 K, with Duv values of zero. These experimental lights produced a constant illuminance of approximately 200 lux in a pair of viewing booths, and their color rendering indices were between 88 and 95. The results showed that the subjective judgments for color preference and color comfort were highly correlated while the whiteness of the lighting strongly influenced the perception of color preference, comfort, and discrimination. A light source of 4000 K with a Duv value of zero exhibited the best color preference and color comfort performance, while observers were found to show the greatest capability for color discrimination under a light source of 4000 K with a Duv value of $ - {0}.{015}$-0.015. In addition, the bronzeware appeared to have greatest antiquity when illuminated by a 3000 K light source with a Duv value equal to 0.005. Based on the psychophysical data, the performance of typical color quality metrics were also tested in relation to the four scaled visual attributes.
已经进行了一系列心理物理学实验，以研究光源对中国青铜器颜色外观的影响。在三个成对比较实验中，三组共30名观察者被要求在不同光源下评估一组中国青铜器——每个实验一组观察者。对颜色偏好、颜色舒适度、颜色辨别力和年代感等视觉属性进行了评分。实验1使用了一组七个色温为3000K的光源，其色坐标偏差（Duv）值范围为-0.015至0.015。实验2使用了另一组七个色温为4000K的光源，Duv值范围相似。对于实验3，从实验1和实验2中选择了六个光源，再加上四个色温分别为2700K、3300K、3700K和4300K且Duv值为零的光源。这些实验光源在一对观察室中产生约200勒克斯的恒定照度，其显色指数在88至95之间。结果表明，颜色偏好和颜色舒适度的主观判断高度相关，而照明的白度强烈影响颜色偏好、舒适度和辨别力的感知。色坐标偏差（Duv）值为零的4000K光源表现出最佳的颜色偏好和颜色舒适度，而观察者发现在色坐标偏差（Duv）值为-0.015的4000K光源下颜色辨别能力最强。此外，当用色坐标偏差（Duv）值等于0.005的3000K光源照明时，青铜器似乎具有最大的年代感。基于心理物理学数据，还针对四个评分的视觉属性测试了典型颜色质量指标的性能。
