Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Rev Paul Pediatr. 2020;38:e2018308. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2018308. Epub 2020 May 8.
To investigate how attachment style has been studied in children with chronic disease in the scientific literature, and what repercussions this attachment has on this population.
An integrative review of the literature was carried out from a survey in the LILACS, MEDLINE and SciELO databases, including original national and international publications in Portuguese, Spanish and English from 2007 to 2018, using the descriptors "apego" and "criança" in the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS), and "attachment" and "children" for the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). Sixteen (16 articles) were obtained for the sample analysis.
The chronic diseases found in the research were neurobehavioral disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism, childhood obesity, and chronic migraine. The predominant attachment style was insecurity, which could compromise the biopsychosocial development of the child.
The type of attachment between child and primary caregiver may be considered a protective or risk factor for child development. Considering this premise, it is important to equip/inform families based on dialogic educational practices, in which professionals create opportunities and means for families to develop their skills and competencies, and acquire resources which meet the child's needs. It is important that this professional helps the family to build secure bases for their child with chronic disease, understanding that the main focus for promoting child development is in the family unit.
探讨在儿童慢性病的科学文献中，依恋风格是如何被研究的，以及这种依恋对这一人群有何影响。
对 LILACS、MEDLINE 和 SciELO 数据库进行了文献综合回顾，纳入了 2007 年至 2018 年期间以葡萄牙语、西班牙语和英语发表的来自国内外的原创出版物，使用健康科学主题词（DeCS）中的“依恋”和“儿童”以及医学主题词（MeSH）中的“attachment”和“children”作为检索词。共获得 16 篇（16 篇文章）进行样本分析。
研究中发现的慢性疾病有神经行为障碍，如注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）和自闭症、儿童肥胖症和慢性偏头痛。主要的依恋类型是不安全型，这可能会影响儿童的生物心理社会发展。
儿童与主要照顾者之间的依恋类型可能被视为儿童发展的保护或风险因素。基于这一前提，根据对话式教育实践为家庭提供装备/信息是很重要的，在这种实践中，专业人员为家庭提供机会和手段来发展他们的技能和能力，并为满足儿童需求获取资源。专业人员帮助有慢性病的家庭为孩子建立安全的基础是很重要的，要理解促进儿童发展的主要重点是在家庭单位。
