Twardowska I, Steinnes E, Miszczak E
Institute of Environmental Engineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie St. 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland.
Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Oct 1;737:139153. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139153. Epub 2020 May 1.
In the comments by De Vleeschouwer et al. (2020) on a recent paper by Miszczak et al. (2020), two major issues were critically discussed: (1) the behavior of lead in ombrotrophic peatlands, with particular regard to the possible lead vertical mobility/immobility; (2) lead data use to accurately reconstruct historical contamination. The authors stated that "some of the conclusions reached by Miszczak et al. (2020) are based on misinterpretation or incorrect sampling and data analyses approaches". A reply to comments emphasises that these topics are not an issue of the paper. Its major idea was to use the unique natural systems (that are ombrotrophic peat bogs) as complete and reliable inventories for the assessment of cumulative loads of airborne element deposition independently upon its chronology. The results of a study conducted on ten ombrotrophic peat bogs in Norway and Poland showed a striking quantitative precision of such assessment. This has led to the idea of including ombrotrophic peat bogs into the EMEP network as tools for the completion of spatial distribution data on the fugitive element deposition. It would be helpful if a bigger number of experienced and widely recognized researchers take part in such project. Simultaneously, the analysis of source data, own results and case studies makes clear that the information regarding ombrotrophic peat properties is still insufficient to reconstruct precisely the chronology of metal contamination records, despite the development of high resolution sampling and analytical techniques and interpretational approaches. The clarification of some seemingly biased records would help to elucidate unexplained or unusual lead behavior in some outstanding cases. These cases demonstrate also that despite over 40 years of studies there are still the substantial gaps in our knowledge that need to be filled up.
在德弗勒肖维尔等人（2020年）对米什扎克等人（2020年）近期一篇论文的评论中，批判性地讨论了两个主要问题：（1）在雨养泥炭地中铅的行为，尤其关注铅可能的垂直迁移性/固定性；（2）用于准确重建历史污染的铅数据的使用。作者指出，“米什扎克等人（2020年）得出的一些结论是基于错误解读或不正确的采样及数据分析方法”。对评论的回复强调，这些主题并非该论文的问题所在。其主要观点是利用独特的自然系统（即雨养泥炭沼泽）作为完整且可靠的清单，独立于其年代顺序来评估空气中元素沉积的累积负荷。在挪威和波兰对10个雨养泥炭沼泽进行的一项研究结果显示了这种评估具有惊人的定量精度。这引发了将雨养泥炭沼泽纳入欧洲监测和评估计划（EMEP）网络的想法，作为补充挥发性元素沉积空间分布数据的工具。如果有更多经验丰富且广受认可的研究人员参与这样的项目将会很有帮助。同时，对源数据、自身结果和案例研究的分析表明，尽管高分辨率采样、分析技术及解释方法有所发展，但关于雨养泥炭特性的信息仍不足以精确重建金属污染记录的年代顺序。澄清一些看似有偏差的记录将有助于阐明某些特殊案例中无法解释或异常的铅行为。这些案例还表明，尽管经过了40多年的研究，但我们的知识仍存在重大空白有待填补。
