Kolling Institute, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Charles Perkins Centre, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Int J Cancer. 2020 Nov 15;147(10):2754-2763. doi: 10.1002/ijc.33052. Epub 2020 Jun 9.
The potential of physical activity (PA) to attenuate the effects of alcohol consumption on the risks of alcohol-related cancer mortality is unknown. We used data from participants aged 30 years and over in 10 British population-based surveys (Health Surveys for England 1994, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2003, 2004, 2006 and 2008 and the Scottish Health Surveys 1998 and 2003). Alcohol-related cancer mortality included oral cavity, throat, larynx, oesophagus, liver, colorectal, stomach and female breast (conservative definition), and additionally pancreas and lung (broad definition). Alcohol consumption was categorised into six groups based on the UK units/week: (a) never-drinkers, (b) ex-drinkers, (c) occasional drinkers, (d) within guidelines (<14 UK units/week [women]; <21 UK units/week [men]), (e) hazardous (14-35 [women]; 21-49 [men]) and (f) harmful (>35 [women]; >49 [men]). PA was categorised using two dichotomous classifications based on the lower (7.5 Metabolic Equivalent Task [MET]-hours/week) and upper (15 MET-hours/week) recommended limits. Using Cox proportional hazard models, we found a strong direct association between alcohol consumption and mortality risk of alcohol-related cancers, with a significantly higher risk among ex-drinkers (Hazard ratio [HR] = 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.09, 1.94]), drinkers who consumed hazardous (HR = 1.39, 95% CI = [1.06, 1.83]) and harmful amounts of alcohol (HR = 1.62, 95% CI = [1.13, 2.30]) compared to never-drinkers in the fully adjusted model. The increased mortality risks were substantially attenuated when participants in these drinking groups exercised >7.5 MET-hours/week. PA could be promoted as an adjunct risk minimisation measure for alcohol-related cancer prevention.
体力活动（PA）降低酒精摄入对酒精相关癌症死亡率影响的潜力尚不清楚。我们使用了来自 10 项英国基于人群调查（1994 年、1997 年、1998 年、1999 年、2003 年、2004 年、2006 年和 2008 年的英格兰健康调查和 1998 年和 2003 年的苏格兰健康调查）中 30 岁及以上参与者的数据。酒精相关癌症死亡包括口腔、咽喉、喉、食管、肝、结直肠、胃和女性乳腺（保守定义），以及胰腺和肺（广义定义）。根据英国单位/周，将酒精摄入量分为六组：（a）从不饮酒者，（b）前饮酒者，（c）偶尔饮酒者，（d）符合指南（[女性]每周<14 单位；[男性]每周<21 单位），（e）危险（[女性]每周 14-35 单位；[男性]每周 21-49 单位）和（f）有害（[女性]每周>35 单位；[男性]每周>49 单位）。PA 使用两种基于较低（7.5 代谢当量任务[MET]-小时/周）和较高（15 MET-小时/周）推荐限值的二分法分类。使用 Cox 比例风险模型，我们发现饮酒与酒精相关癌症的死亡率之间存在很强的直接关联，前饮酒者的风险明显更高（风险比[HR] = 1.46，95%置信区间[CI] = [1.09，1.94]），危险（HR = 1.39，95% CI = [1.06，1.83]）和有害（HR = 1.62，95% CI = [1.13，2.30]）饮酒者的风险高于从不饮酒者在完全调整模型中。当这些饮酒组的参与者每周进行>7.5 MET-小时的运动时，这些增加的死亡率风险大大降低。PA 可作为酒精相关癌症预防的辅助风险最小化措施加以推广。
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