Bykov Yury S, Rapaport Doron, Herrmann Johannes M, Schuldiner Maya
Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Trends Biochem Sci. 2020 Aug;45(8):650-667. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2020.04.001. Epub 2020 May 11.
While targeting of proteins synthesized in the cytosol to any organelle is complex, mitochondria present the most challenging of destinations. First, import of nuclear-encoded proteins needs to be balanced with production of mitochondrial-encoded ones. Moreover, as mitochondria are divided into distinct subdomains, their proteins harbor a number of different targeting signals and biophysical properties. While translocation into the mitochondrial membranes has been well studied, the cytosolic steps of protein import remain poorly understood. Here, we review current knowledge on mRNA and protein targeting to mitochondria, as well as recent advances in our understanding of the cellular programs that respond to accumulation of mitochondrial precursor proteins in the cytosol, thus linking defects in targeting-capacity to signaling.
虽然将在细胞质中合成的蛋白质靶向到任何细胞器都很复杂，但线粒体是最具挑战性的目的地。首先，核编码蛋白质的导入需要与线粒体编码蛋白质的产生相平衡。此外，由于线粒体被分为不同的亚结构域，其蛋白质具有许多不同的靶向信号和生物物理特性。虽然蛋白质转运到线粒体膜的过程已得到充分研究，但蛋白质导入的细胞质步骤仍知之甚少。在这里，我们综述了目前关于mRNA和蛋白质靶向线粒体的知识，以及我们对响应细胞质中线粒体前体蛋白积累的细胞程序的最新理解，从而将靶向能力的缺陷与信号传导联系起来。
