Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
Faculty of Medicine and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Arch Dis Child. 2021 Jan;106(1):3-8. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2019-318063. Epub 2020 May 14.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children and adolescents has an estimated prevalence of 36.1% in the context of obesity. This figure is anticipated to increase in conjunction with the global obesity epidemic. Worryingly, NAFLD in childhood persisting into adulthood is likely to be harmful, contributing to significant hepatic and extrahepatic morbidities. Early disease detection is required, although the optimum timing, frequency and mode of screening remains undetermined. While the efficacy of several medications, antioxidants, fatty acid supplements and probiotics has been investigated in children, healthy eating and physical activity remain the only prevention and treatment strategies for paediatric NAFLD. This short review discusses the epidemiology, diagnosis, pathogenesis and management of NAFLD in childhood obesity.
儿童和青少年非酒精性脂肪性肝病 (NAFLD) 在肥胖背景下的患病率估计为 36.1%。随着全球肥胖症的流行，这一数字预计将会增加。令人担忧的是，儿童时期持续到成年期的 NAFLD 可能是有害的，会导致显著的肝内和肝外并发症。尽管早期发现疾病很重要，但最佳的筛查时机、频率和模式仍未确定。虽然已经在儿童中研究了几种药物、抗氧化剂、脂肪酸补充剂和益生菌的疗效，但健康饮食和体育活动仍然是儿童 NAFLD 的唯一预防和治疗策略。这篇简短的综述讨论了儿童肥胖症中 NAFLD 的流行病学、诊断、发病机制和管理。
