ARC Research Hub for Advanced Prawn Breeding, Australia; Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Centre for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium.
Gene. 2020 Aug 20;752:144765. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144765. Epub 2020 May 12.
The natural flight response in shrimp is powered by rapid contractions of the abdominal muscle fibres to propel themselves backwards away from perceived danger. This muscle contraction is dependent on repetitive depolarization of muscle plasma membrane, triggering tightly spaced cytoplasmic [Ca] transients and rapidly rising tetanic force responses. To achieve such high amplitude and high frequency of Ca transients requires a high abundance of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca ATPase (SERCA) to rapidly clear cytoplasmic Ca between each transient and an efficient Ca release system consisting of the Ryanodine Receptor (RyR), and voltage gated Ca channels (Cas). With the aim to expand our knowledge of muscle gene function and identify orthologous genes regulating muscle excitation-contraction (EC) coupling, this study assembled nine Penaeid shrimp muscle transcriptomes. On average, the nine transcriptomes contained 27,000 contigs, with an annotation rate of 36% and a BUSCO completeness of 70%. Despite maintaining their function, the crustacean RyR and Ca proteins showed evidence of significant diversification from mammalian orthologs, while SERCA remained more conserved. Several key components of protein interaction were conserved, while others showed distinct crustacean specific evolutionary adaptations. Lastly, this study revealed approximately 1,000 orthologous genes involved in muscle specific processes present across all nine species.
虾类的自然飞行反应是由腹部肌肉纤维的快速收缩来推动它们向后远离感知到的危险。这种肌肉收缩依赖于肌肉质膜的重复去极化，引发紧密间隔的细胞质[Ca]瞬变和迅速上升的强直力反应。要实现如此高的振幅和 Ca 瞬变的高频，需要大量的肌浆/内质网 Ca-ATP 酶（SERCA）来在每次瞬变之间迅速清除细胞质中的 Ca，以及由 Ryanodine Receptor（RyR）和电压门控 Ca 通道（Cas）组成的高效 Ca 释放系统。为了扩展我们对肌肉基因功能的了解并确定调节肌肉兴奋-收缩（EC）偶联的同源基因，本研究组装了九个对虾肌肉转录组。平均而言，这九个转录组包含 27000 个 contigs，注释率为 36%，BUSCO 完整性为 70%。尽管保持其功能，但甲壳类动物的 RyR 和 Ca 蛋白显示出与哺乳动物同源蛋白显著多样化的证据，而 SERCA 则保持更保守。一些蛋白质相互作用的关键组成部分是保守的，而其他部分则表现出独特的甲壳类动物特有的进化适应性。最后，本研究揭示了大约 1000 个参与所有九个物种肌肉特异性过程的同源基因。
