Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy of initial cases using a 3D square-block type kidney model.

BACKGROUND

It is extremely important to understand the local anatomy prior to performing appropriate and efficient robot-assisted partial nephrectomies (RAPNs).

METHODS

We developed a personalized three-dimensional printed kidney model of square-block type to enhance our knowledge and understanding on the underlying anatomy during RAPN, and we consequently applied this model to six initial cases of RAPN.

RESULTS

The mean warm ischemic time was 18 minutes and the mean estimated blood loss was 59 mL. Only one patient presented with a minor complication, whereas all six patients included in this study were surgical margin negative.

CONCLUSIONS

We believe that this cost-effective model helped us in understanding the underlying local anatomy and facilitating an increased efficiency in the related surgery. Further studies are required to validate our preliminary results.