Nguyen N L, Ngo M D
National Burn Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Ann Burns Fire Disasters. 2019 Dec 31;32(4):267-271.
The aim of this study was to investigate characteristics, outcomes and risk factors for death from burn in preschool children. A retrospective study was conducted on 3688 preschool burn children admitted to the National Burn Hospital from 1/1/2016 to 31/12/2018. Collected data included patient demographics and burn characteristics. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was conducted to determine independent risk factors for death. Results showed that preschool children accounted for 78.8% of total admitted burn children. The main causal agent was scald. Boys were predominant, and 76.5% patients lived in rural areas. The highest number of burn accidents occurred in winter. In addition, average burn surface area was of 8.8% total body surface area (TBSA) and 43.5% of patients suffered deep burn injury. Overall mortality rate was 0.5% with LA50 of 81.7% and 49.1% for full thickness burn area. A significantly higher mortality rate was seen in patients with inhalation injury. Compared to survivors, patients who died had a significantly larger burn surface area and larger deep burn area. Multivariate logistic analysis for death indicated that presence of inhalation injury and increased burn extent were independent risk factors for death. Inhalation injury resulted in a 3.4 probability unit of death. In conclusion, preschool burn injuries were more common in boys living in the countryside and were mostly caused by scald, with a high proportion of deep injuries. Except for in cases of extensive burn, inhalation injury was not common but was still the main cause of death.
本研究旨在调查学龄前儿童烧伤死亡的特征、结局及危险因素。对2016年1月1日至2018年12月31日入住国家烧伤医院的3688例学龄前烧伤儿童进行了回顾性研究。收集的数据包括患者人口统计学资料和烧伤特征。进行双变量和多变量分析以确定死亡的独立危险因素。结果显示，学龄前儿童占烧伤住院儿童总数的78.8%。主要致伤因素为烫伤。男孩居多，76.5%的患者居住在农村地区。烧伤事故发生最多的季节是冬季。此外，平均烧伤面积占体表面积（TBSA）的8.8%，43.5%的患者为深度烧伤。总体死亡率为0.5%，半数致死烧伤面积（LA50）为81.7%，全层烧伤面积为49.1%。吸入性损伤患者的死亡率显著更高。与幸存者相比，死亡患者的烧伤面积和深度烧伤面积显著更大。死亡的多变量逻辑分析表明，吸入性损伤和烧伤范围增加是死亡的独立危险因素。吸入性损伤导致死亡的概率单位增加3.4。总之，学龄前儿童烧伤在农村男孩中更为常见，主要由烫伤引起，深度损伤比例较高。除大面积烧伤外，吸入性损伤并不常见，但仍是主要死因。
