Crasta Jewel E, Salzinger Emily, Lin Mei-Heng, Gavin William J, Davies Patricia L
Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.
Occupational Therapy Division, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
Front Integr Neurosci. 2020 May 5;14:22. doi: 10.3389/fnint.2020.00022. eCollection 2020.
This study explores the differences in the profile of relationships between sensory processing and attention abilities among children with sensory processing disorder (SPD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and typically developing (TD) children. The Test of Everyday Attention for Children (TEA-Ch), a performance-based measure of attention, was administered to 69 children (TD: = 24; SPD: = 21; ASD: = 24), ages 6-10 years. All participants' parents completed the Short Sensory Profile (SSP), a standardized parent-report measure of sensory-related behaviors. Discriminant analyses using the TEA-Ch and the SSP domains revealed two classification functions; the first revealed that both clinical groups significantly differed from the TD group with greater sensory processing challenges in the categories of auditory filtering, under-responsive/seeks sensation, low energy/weak, and taste/smell sensitivity subscales of the SSP. The second function discriminated between the two clinical groups, indicating that children with ASD had significantly greater control and sustained attention deficits and less sensory issues than did children with SPD. Together, the two functions correctly classified 76.8% of the participants as to their group membership. The different profiles of sensory processing and attention abilities in children with SPD and ASD may provide guidance in identifying appropriate individualized therapeutic strategies for these children.
本研究探讨了感觉统合失调（SPD）儿童、自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童和发育正常（TD）儿童在感觉统合与注意力能力关系方面的差异。对69名6至10岁儿童进行了《儿童日常注意力测试》（TEA-Ch），这是一项基于表现的注意力测量方法。所有参与者的父母都完成了《简短感觉概况》（SSP），这是一项标准化的家长报告式感觉相关行为测量方法。使用TEA-Ch和SSP领域进行判别分析，得出两个分类函数；第一个函数显示，两个临床组与TD组存在显著差异，在SSP的听觉过滤、反应不足/寻求感觉、精力不足/虚弱以及味觉/嗅觉敏感度子量表等类别中，感觉统合挑战更大。第二个函数区分了两个临床组，表明与SPD儿童相比，ASD儿童在控制和持续注意力方面存在显著更大的缺陷，且感觉问题更少。这两个函数共同正确地将76.8%的参与者归类到各自的组别。SPD和ASD儿童感觉统合与注意力能力的不同概况可能为确定针对这些儿童的适当个体化治疗策略提供指导。
