From the Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University.
NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine.
Pancreas. 2020 May/Jun;49(5):692-698. doi: 10.1097/MPA.0000000000001552.
The present study aimed to investigate the dynamic change of α cells and β cells, and their ratios in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in the Chinese population.
Pancreata from 27 nondiabetic (ND), 8 prediabetic (PreD), and 19 type 2 diabetic (T2D) organ donors were subjected to immunofluorescence staining with insulin and glucagon.
The β to α ratio in islets (β/α) in PreD was significantly higher than that in ND, resulting from an increase of β cells and a decrease of α cells per islet, but that in T2D was significantly lower than that in ND, resulting from a decrease of β cells and an increase of α cells per islet. The β-cell percentage and β/α ratio positively correlated and α-cell percentage negatively correlated with HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin) in ND and PreD, but these correlations disappeared when T2D subjects were included.
The islet β to α ratio increased in PreD individuals because of a relative α-cell loss and β-cell compensation and decreased after T2D onset because of both β-cell loss and α-cell reexpansion.
本研究旨在探讨中国人群中糖尿病前期和 2 型糖尿病患者胰岛中 α 细胞和 β 细胞及其比例的动态变化。
对 27 名非糖尿病（ND）、8 名糖尿病前期（PreD）和 19 名 2 型糖尿病（T2D）器官供者的胰腺进行胰岛素和胰高血糖素免疫荧光染色。
PreD 患者胰岛内的β/α 比值（β 细胞与 α 细胞的比例）明显高于 ND，这是由于每个胰岛的 β 细胞增加和 α 细胞减少所致，但 T2D 患者的β/α 比值明显低于 ND，这是由于每个胰岛的 β 细胞减少和 α 细胞增加所致。在 ND 和 PreD 中，β 细胞百分率和 β/α 比值与 HbA1c（糖化血红蛋白）呈正相关，α 细胞百分率与 HbA1c 呈负相关，但当包括 T2D 患者时，这些相关性消失。
PreD 个体的胰岛β/α 比值增加是由于相对的 α 细胞丢失和 β 细胞代偿，而 T2D 发病后则由于 β 细胞丢失和 α 细胞重新扩张而降低。
