Key Laboratory of Smart City and Environmental Modeling of Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People's Republic of China.
Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Urumqi, 830046, China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2020 May 20;192(6):383. doi: 10.1007/s10661-020-08299-x.
Central Asia has become a key node of the belt and road corridor. It is located in arid and semi-arid climate regions, and it is a region where the contribution of global aerosols of sand and dust is continuous. However, few studies have been conducted on the Central Asian aerosol optical depth. Therefore, this paper relied on the belt and road sustainable development dataset to analyze the spatial-temporal variations in the AOD in Central Asia and provide spatial-temporal characteristics of the AOD for environmental services. We analyzed the spatial and temporal variation in the aerosol optical depth (AOD) in Central Asia by using MODIS/AQUA C6 MYD08_M3 images from 2008 to 2017. The results showed that (1) the annual average AOD in Central Asia in the past decade varied from 0.183 to 0.232, which indicated a slow decline starting in 2014. The percentage of average annual decline was approximately 0.18%, and the regular distinct revealed the distribution characteristics of AOD. In different years, the Central Asian region exhibited the similar monthly change characteristics: from July to December, the AOD decreased, and from December to February, it increased. In different seasons, the Central Asian region exhibited the different seasonal change characteristics: the AOD value was higher in the spring and summer. The mean values in the spring, summer, autumn, and winter were 0.273, 0.240, 0.155, and 0.183, respectively, and the standard deviations were 0.036, 0.038, 0.025, and 0.048, respectively. (3) Based on spatial distribution characteristics, the Tarim Basin, Aral Sea region, and Ebinur Lake area were high value areas, and Kazakhstan was a low value area. The AOD of the surrounding area of the Aral Sea had increased in the last 5 years, while that of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan had decreased. The AOD of the Taklamakan area exhibited an inter-annual change. Sand dust aerosols were the largest contributors to the AOD in the Taklamakan area. The rising trend of the AOD in the Aral Sea area was clear, with an average annual increase of 0.234%, and the contribution of salt dust aerosols to the AOD increased. The average annual AOD in the Ebinur Lake area remained stable.
中亚已成为“一带一路”走廊的关键节点。它位于干旱和半干旱气候区，是全球沙尘气溶胶持续贡献的地区。然而，对中亚气溶胶光学深度的研究很少。因此，本文依托“一带一路”可持续发展数据集，分析了中亚地区气溶胶光学深度的时空变化，为环境服务提供了气溶胶光学深度的时空特征。利用 2008 年至 2017 年 MODIS/AQUA C6 MYD08_M3 图像，分析了中亚地区气溶胶光学深度（AOD）的时空变化。结果表明：（1）过去十年中亚地区的年平均 AOD 变化范围为 0.183 至 0.232，自 2014 年开始呈缓慢下降趋势，年均递减率约为 0.18%，且规律性明显，揭示了 AOD 的分布特征。不同年份中亚地区具有相似的月变化特征：7 月至 12 月 AOD 逐渐降低，12 月至 2 月 AOD 逐渐升高。不同季节中亚地区具有不同的季节变化特征：春夏季 AOD 值较高，春季、夏季、秋季和冬季的平均值分别为 0.273、0.240、0.155 和 0.183，标准差分别为 0.036、0.038、0.025 和 0.048。（3）基于空间分布特征，塔里木盆地、咸海地区和艾比湖地区为高值区，哈萨克斯坦为低值区。近 5 年来，咸海周边地区的 AOD 呈上升趋势，而哈萨克斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦和土库曼斯坦的 AOD 则呈下降趋势。塔克拉玛干地区的 AOD 表现出年际变化，沙尘气溶胶是该地区 AOD 的最大贡献者。咸海地区 AOD 的上升趋势明显，年均增长率为 0.234%，盐尘气溶胶对 AOD 的贡献增加。艾比湖地区的年均 AOD 保持稳定。
