Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim 7491, Norway.
Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim 7491, Norway.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Aug 25;732:139130. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139130. Epub 2020 May 4.
While aquaculture is growing rapidly all over the world and generating many economic benefits, so have the environmental concerns about the externalities posed by the fish-farming industry. The distribution profiles of organic compounds and inorganic elements were explored in marine surface sediments collected in proximity of two active Norwegian fish farms, Hestøya and Nørholmen (<200-1100 m from the perimeter edge of the installations). Overall, the sediment organic matter (SOM) content was 7.3 ± 4.9%, with 7.9 ± 5.1% and 4.0 ± 0.5% for Hestøya and Nørholmen, respectively. A non-targeted analysis was performed for screening organic compounds in marine sediments, and the presence of 60 compounds was detected. Among suspect compounds were alkanes, alkenes, aromatics, aldehydes, ketones, esters, alcohols, diols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), terpenes and terpenoids. Heptanal, benzaldehyde, 4-oxoisophorone, 1,7-dimethylnaphthalene and 3-bromophenol were the most abundant compounds in marine sediments. In total, concentrations of 47 elements were measured, concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mo, Ni, Sn and Zn were strongly influenced by anthropogenic inputs, while concentrations of Ce, Co, Al, Fe and Ti were related to the geology of the local bedrock. The chemical composition of marine sediments was different at Hestøya and Nørholmen, indicating different anthropogenic inputs in these areas. In general, concentrations of toxic elements were below the proposed guidelines for Norwegian marine sediment quality and can be characterised as background pollution. Overall, fish-farming activities had only a minor or negligible influence on marine sediments and are unlikely to cause any harm to local aquatic life in the studied area.
虽然水产养殖在世界各地迅速发展，带来了许多经济效益，但鱼类养殖行业所带来的环境问题也引起了人们的关注。本研究在距离两个挪威活跃的鱼类养殖场（Hestøya 和 Nørholmen，距离设施周边边缘<200-1100 m）较近的海域采集了海洋表层沉积物，探讨了有机化合物和无机元素在其中的分布特征。总体而言，沉积物中的有机质（SOM）含量为 7.3±4.9%，Hestøya 和 Nørholmen 的 SOM 含量分别为 7.9±5.1%和 4.0±0.5%。本研究对海洋沉积物中的有机化合物进行了非靶向分析，共检测到 60 种化合物。在可疑化合物中，有烷烃、烯烃、芳烃、醛类、酮类、酯类、醇类、二醇类、多环芳烃（PAHs）、萜类和萜烯类化合物。庚醛、苯甲醛、4-氧异佛尔酮、1,7-二甲基萘和 3-溴苯酚是海洋沉积物中含量最丰富的化合物。本研究共测量了 47 种元素的浓度，砷（As）、镉（Cd）、铬（Cr）、铜（Cu）、汞（Hg）、钼（Mo）、镍（Ni）、锡（Sn）和锌（Zn）的浓度强烈受到人为输入的影响，而铈（Ce）、钴（Co）、铝（Al）、铁（Fe）和钛（Ti）的浓度则与当地基岩的地质情况有关。Hestøya 和 Nørholmen 的海洋沉积物的化学组成不同，表明这两个地区的人为输入不同。一般来说，有毒元素的浓度低于挪威海洋沉积物质量的建议标准，可以被认为是背景污染。总的来说，鱼类养殖活动对海洋沉积物的影响较小或可以忽略不计，不太可能对研究区域的当地水生生物造成任何危害。
