Department of Radiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.
Department of Radiology, Hospital Nueve de Octubre, Valencia, Spain.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2020 Apr;24(2):135-155. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-3402060. Epub 2020 May 21.
The vast majority of soft tissue masses are benign. Benign lesions such as superficial lipomas and ganglia are by far the most common soft tissue masses and can be readily identified and excluded on ultrasound (US). US is an ideal triaging tool for superficial soft tissue masses. Compared with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), High-resolution US is inexpensive, readily available, well tolerated, and safe. It also allows the radiologist to interact with the patient as a clinician. In this review, we describe and illustrate the lesions with typical (diagnostic) US features. When the appearances of the lesion are not typical as expected for a benign lesion, lesions are deep or large, or malignancy is suspected clinically, MRI and biopsy are needed. The management of suspicious soft tissue tumors has to be carefully planned by a multidisciplinary team involving specialized surgeons and pathologists at a tumor center.
绝大多数软组织肿块为良性。良性病变，如浅表脂肪瘤和腱鞘囊肿，是迄今为止最常见的软组织肿块，可以通过超声（US）很容易地识别和排除。US 是一种理想的用于浅表软组织肿块的分诊工具。与磁共振成像（MRI）相比，高分辨率 US 价格低廉、易于获得、耐受性良好且安全。它还允许放射科医生像临床医生一样与患者互动。在这篇综述中，我们描述并说明了具有典型（诊断）US 特征的病变。当病变的表现不符合良性病变的预期时，或者病变较深或较大，或者临床上怀疑为恶性时，需要进行 MRI 和活检。可疑软组织肿瘤的处理必须由肿瘤中心的多学科团队精心计划，包括专业外科医生和病理学家。
