Department of Clinical Microbiology, MRSA Knowledge Centre, Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark.
Department of Clinical Microbiology, MRSA Knowledge Centre, Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark.
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2021 Feb;27(2):284.e1-284.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.05.004. Epub 2020 May 18.
During the last decades several methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clones with the capability of global spread have emerged in the community. Here, we have investigated a large collection of clinical isolates belonging to MRSA clone t304/ST6, which has emerged in many European countries over the last years, in order to retrace its phylogeny and its spread.
We characterized 466 ST6 isolates from Denmark (n = 354), France (n = 10), Norway (n = 24), Sweden (n = 27) and the UK (n = 51). All had spa-type t304 (n = 454) or t304-related spa-types (n = 12) and whole genome sequencing (WGS) was carried out on Illumina Miseq or Hiseq with 100-300 bp reads. cgMLST was performed using Ridom SeqSphere.
A minimum spanning tree (MST) of all 466 isolates showed one large cluster including 182 isolates collected only from Denmark and related to a long-term neonatal outbreak in Copenhagen. This cluster contrasted with numerous small clusters, including the remaining Danish isolates and isolates from the other countries that interspersed throughout the tree. Most isolates were Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) negative (95%) and harboured SCCmec IVa. One genome was closed using Oxford Nanopore technology and Illumina MiSeq. It contained a plasmid of 19.769 bp including the blaZ gene. A similar plasmid was found in 78% of all isolates.
t304/ST6 is a successful emerging clone and the fact that isolates from five countries are interspersed throughout the MST indicates a common origin. This clone is commonly described in the Middle East and its emergence in Europe coincides with influx of refugees from the Syrian Civil War.
在过去的几十年中，已经出现了几种具有全球传播能力的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌 (MRSA) 克隆。在这里，我们研究了属于 MRSA 克隆 t304/ST6 的大量临床分离株，该克隆在过去几年中已经出现在许多欧洲国家，以追溯其系统发育和传播。
我们对来自丹麦（n=354）、法国（n=10）、挪威（n=24）、瑞典（n=27）和英国（n=51）的 466 株 ST6 分离株进行了特征分析。所有分离株均具有 spa 型 t304（n=454）或 t304 相关 spa 型（n=12），并使用 Illumina Miseq 或 Hiseq 进行了全基因组测序（WGS），读取长度为 100-300bp。使用 Ridom SeqSphere 进行 cgMLST。
所有 466 株分离株的最小生成树（MST）显示出一个大簇，其中包括仅从丹麦收集的 182 株分离株，这些分离株与哥本哈根的长期新生儿暴发有关。该簇与许多小簇形成鲜明对比，包括其余丹麦分离株和其他国家的分离株，这些分离株散布在整个树中。大多数分离株为潘顿-瓦伦丁白细胞毒素（PVL）阴性（95%），并携带 SCCmec IVa。一个基因组使用牛津纳米孔技术和 Illumina MiSeq 进行了封闭。它包含一个 19.769 bp 的质粒，其中包括 blaZ 基因。在所有分离株中，发现了类似的质粒，占 78%。
t304/ST6 是一种成功的新兴克隆，来自五个国家的分离株散布在 MST 中表明它们具有共同的起源。该克隆在中东地区被广泛描述，其在欧洲的出现与叙利亚内战期间难民的涌入相吻合。
