Yao Huanhuan, Zhou Faguang, Li Zhizai, Ci Zhipeng, Ding Liming, Jin Zhiwen
School of Physical Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MoE & Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design MoE Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China.
Center for Excellence in Nanoscience (CAS) Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS) National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2020 Feb 20;7(10):1903540. doi: 10.1002/advs.201903540. eCollection 2020 May.
Although lead-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are highly efficient, the toxicity of lead (Pb) limits its large-scale commercialization. As such, there is an urgent need to find alternatives. Many studies have examined tin-based PSCs. However, pure tin-based perovskites are easily oxidized in the air or just in glovebox with an ultrasmall amount of oxygen. Such a characteristic makes their performance and stability less ideal compared with those of lead-based perovskites. Herein, how to address the instability of tin-based perovskites is introduced in detail. First, the crystalline structure, optical properties, and sources of instability of tin-based perovskites are summarized. Next, the preparation methods of tin-based perovskite are discussed. Then, various measures for solving the instability problem are explained using four strategies: additive engineering, deoxidizer, partial substitution, and reduced dimensions. Finally, the challenges and prospects are laid out to help researchers develop highly efficient and stable tin-based perovskites in the future.
尽管铅基钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）效率很高，但铅（Pb）的毒性限制了其大规模商业化。因此，迫切需要寻找替代物。许多研究已经对锡基PSC进行了考察。然而，纯锡基钙钛矿在空气中或仅在含有极少量氧气的手套箱中就很容易被氧化。与铅基钙钛矿相比，这样的特性使得它们的性能和稳定性不太理想。在此，详细介绍了如何解决锡基钙钛矿的不稳定性问题。首先，总结了锡基钙钛矿的晶体结构、光学性质和不稳定性来源。其次，讨论了锡基钙钛矿的制备方法。然后，使用四种策略解释了解决不稳定性问题的各种措施：添加剂工程、脱氧剂、部分替代和减小尺寸。最后，阐述了挑战和前景，以帮助研究人员未来开发出高效且稳定的锡基钙钛矿。
