Meng Haoye, Quan Qi, Yuan Xueling, Zheng Yudong, Peng Jiang, Guo Quanyi, Wang Aiyuan, Lu Shibi
School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China.
Institute of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
J Orthop Translat. 2019 Nov 20;22:58-66. doi: 10.1016/j.jot.2019.10.013. eCollection 2020 May.
Variation of the solute diffusion within articular cartilage is an important feature of osteoarthritis (OA) progression. For study of monitoring of the diffusion process, it is essential to simulate physiological conditions as much as possible. Our objective was to investigate the effects of loading patterns on diffusion processes of neutral solutes within osteoarthritic cartilage.
Osteochondral plugs were harvested from human tibial plateaus and separated into three OA stages according to modified Mankin scoring system. The samples were subjected to static or cyclic compression using a carefully designed loading device. Contrast-enhanced micro-computed tomography (CEμCT) was applied to acquire image sequences while the cartilage was being compressed. The apparent diffusion maps and diffusion coefficients were analysed, as well as histological and stereological assessments of the plugs.
The diffusion of neutral solutes was significantly affected by the loading patterns. For OA cartilage with early and middle stages, cyclic loading accelerated contrast agent infiltration compared with static loading. However, for late-stage OA samples, no acceleration of diffusion was observed in the first 2 h because of the insufficient resilience of compressed cartilage. The accumulation of neutral solutes in an upward invasive fissure also suggested that solutes could penetrate into the fissure under cyclic loading.
To our knowledge, this is the first study to combine the cyclic compression and CEμCT scanning in the diffusion testing of human OA cartilage. This loading pattern could simulate the physiological conditions and reduce the time to reach solute equilibrium within cartilage. The diffusion data may contribute to joint drug-injection therapies for early OA.
The combination of cyclic loading and CEμCT scanning enabled diffusion analysis of osteoarthritic cartilage under different compressions. A comprehensive evaluation of OA cartilage and subchondral bone may benefit from this technique. The diffusion data provide theoretical support and reference for intra-articular injection of drugs.
关节软骨内溶质扩散的变化是骨关节炎（OA）进展的一个重要特征。为了研究扩散过程的监测，尽可能模拟生理条件至关重要。我们的目的是研究加载模式对骨关节炎软骨中中性溶质扩散过程的影响。
从人胫骨平台获取骨软骨栓，并根据改良的曼金评分系统分为三个OA阶段。使用精心设计的加载装置对样本进行静态或循环压缩。在软骨压缩过程中，应用对比增强微型计算机断层扫描（CEμCT）获取图像序列。分析表观扩散图和扩散系数，以及对栓进行组织学和体视学评估。
中性溶质的扩散受到加载模式的显著影响。对于早期和中期的OA软骨，与静态加载相比，循环加载加速了造影剂的渗透。然而，对于晚期OA样本，由于压缩软骨的弹性不足，在最初2小时内未观察到扩散加速。中性溶质在向上侵入性裂隙中的积累也表明，溶质在循环加载下可渗透到裂隙中。
据我们所知，这是第一项在人OA软骨扩散测试中结合循环压缩和CEμCT扫描的研究。这种加载模式可以模拟生理条件并减少达到软骨内溶质平衡的时间。扩散数据可能有助于早期OA的关节药物注射治疗。
循环加载和CEμCT扫描的结合能够对不同压缩下的骨关节炎软骨进行扩散分析。对OA软骨和软骨下骨的综合评估可能受益于该技术。扩散数据为关节内药物注射提供理论支持和参考。
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