Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare, Nursing Administration, St. Paul, Minnesota.
Vanderbilt University, School of Nursing, Nashville, Tennessee.
J Spec Pediatr Nurs. 2020 Jul;25(3):e12294. doi: 10.1111/jspn.12294. Epub 2020 May 22.
Information is limited about how mothers make food decisions on behalf of their children. Eating practices are established early in life and are difficult to change, so it is imperative to focus on the caregiver who influences a young child's food preferences and eating behaviors. The purpose of this secondary data analysis was to examine the relationship between maternal characteristics and infant feeding beliefs and practices in a sample of multiparous mothers with a history of a prior preterm infant birth.
Secondary analysis of a subset of data (n = 112) collected from women who participated in a randomized clinical trial (RCT) assessing the efficacy of a home-based intervention to improve maternal and child outcomes. Inclusion criteria for the RCT: women ≥18 years of age at enrollment with a prior preterm live birth >20 and <37 weeks gestation, <24 weeks gestation at enrollment, spoke/read English, and received prenatal care at a regional medical center. Criteria for the subset included: completed the Infant Feeding Questionnaire at 5 months postpartum and had reported a prenatal body mass index (BMI). Univariate correlations and multiple linear regression analyses were used to assess the associations between maternal personal characteristics and infant feeding practices.
Median age of the mothers was 27 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 23-32) with median education of 12 years (IQR: 12-16). More than two-thirds (68%) of the women breastfed their last baby. These women were less likely to be concerned about their infant's hunger (r = -.20; p = .035). After controlling for education, maternal BMI, breastfed last baby, self-esteem, locus of control, and depressive symptoms, decreased maternal age (β = -.35; p < .001) and higher levels of stress (β = .19; p = .042) were associated with greater concern about their infant's hunger. Maternal demographic and psychosocial variables were not found to be statistically significantly associated with either concern about infant overeating and becoming overweight or an awareness of infant's hunger and satiety cues.
Differences in maternal psychosocial variables and attitudes toward infant feeding may contribute to long term eating habits and weight outcomes in children. A better understanding of maternal variables that influence infant feeding attitudes and practices could improve the design of future intervention studies aimed at mothers at risk for having poor infant feeding practices.
关于母亲如何代表孩子做出食物选择的信息有限。饮食行为在生命早期就已确立，且难以改变，因此必须关注影响幼儿食物偏好和饮食习惯的照顾者。本二次数据分析的目的是检查有既往早产史的多胎母亲样本中母亲特征与婴儿喂养信念和实践之间的关系。
对参加一项评估家庭为基础的干预措施以改善母婴结局的随机临床试验（RCT）的女性数据的子集（n=112）进行二次分析。RCT 的纳入标准：入组时年龄≥18 岁，既往早产活产儿妊娠 20-36+6 周，入组时妊娠<24 周，会说/读英语，在地区医疗中心接受产前保健。子集的纳入标准包括：在产后 5 个月完成婴儿喂养问卷，并报告产前体重指数（BMI）。使用单变量相关和多元线性回归分析评估母亲个人特征与婴儿喂养实践之间的关联。
母亲的中位年龄为 27 岁（四分位距 [IQR]：23-32），中位教育年限为 12 年（IQR：12-16）。超过三分之二（68%）的女性母乳喂养了她们的最后一个孩子。这些女性不太担心婴儿饥饿（r=-.20；p=0.035）。在校正教育、母亲 BMI、母乳喂养最后一个孩子、自尊、控制源和抑郁症状后，母亲年龄减小（β=-.35；p<0.001）和压力水平升高（β=0.19；p=0.042）与对婴儿饥饿的担忧增加相关。母亲的人口统计学和心理社会变量与对婴儿过度进食和超重的担忧或对婴儿饥饿和饱腹感信号的意识均无统计学显著相关性。
母亲心理社会变量和对婴儿喂养的态度的差异可能导致儿童长期的饮食习惯和体重结果。更好地了解影响婴儿喂养态度和实践的母亲变量可能会改进针对有不良婴儿喂养实践风险的母亲的未来干预研究的设计。
