Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT), Rochester, NY 14623, USA.
Schön Clinic Munich Harlaching, Spine Center, Academic Teaching Hospital and Spine Research Institute of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg (Austria), 81547 Munich, Germany.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 May 20;21(10):3601. doi: 10.3390/ijms21103601.
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a multifactorial pathological process associated with low back pain, the leading cause of years lived in disability worldwide. Key characteristics of the pathological changes connected with degenerative disc disease (DDD) are the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), apoptosis and senescence, as well as inflammation. The impact of nonphysiological mechanical stresses on IVD degeneration and inflammation, the mechanisms of mechanotransduction, and the role of mechanosensitive miRNAs are of increasing interest. As post-transcriptional regulators, miRNAs are known to affect the expression of 30% of proteincoding genes and numerous intracellular processes. The dysregulation of miRNAs is therefore associated with various pathologies, including degenerative diseases such as DDD. This review aims to give an overview of the current status of miRNA research in degenerative disc pathology, with a special focus on the involvement of miRNAs in ECM degradation, apoptosis, and inflammation, as well as mechanobiology.
椎间盘（IVD）退变是一种多因素的病理过程，与腰痛有关，腰痛是全球导致残疾年数的主要原因。与退行性椎间盘疾病（DDD）相关的病理变化的主要特征是细胞外基质（ECM）的降解、细胞凋亡和衰老以及炎症。非生理机械应力对 IVD 退变和炎症的影响、力学转导的机制以及机械敏感 miRNAs 的作用越来越受到关注。作为转录后调节剂，miRNAs 已知会影响 30%的蛋白质编码基因和许多细胞内过程的表达。因此，miRNAs 的失调与各种病理学有关，包括退行性疾病，如 DDD。本综述旨在概述 miRNA 在退行性椎间盘病理学中的研究现状，特别关注 miRNA 在 ECM 降解、细胞凋亡和炎症以及力学生物学中的参与。
