Dáder Beatriz, Aguirre Eduardo, Caballero Primitivo, Medina Pilar
Unidad de Protección de Cultivos, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
Insects. 2020 May 20;11(5):316. doi: 10.3390/insects11050316.
The joint use of baculoviruses and synthetic insecticides for integrated pest management requires the study of the additive, synergistic or antagonistic effects among them on pest mortality. Droplet bioassays were conducted with multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV), nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliNPV) and seven insecticides (azadirachtin, , cyantraniliprole, emamectin, metaflumizone, methoxyfenozide and spinetoram) on and . The lethal concentrations LC and LC were calculated through probit regressions. Then, the sequential feeding of insecticides and nucleopolyhedroviruses was studied. Larvae were provided with the LC of one insecticide, followed by the LC of one nucleopolyhedrovirus 24 h later. The inverse order was also conducted. The insecticide LC and LC were higher for than for . AcMNPV showed greater toxicity on than SpliNPV on . Emamectin showed synergy with AcMNPV when the chemical was applied first, and metaflumizone and AcMNPV were synergistic regardless of the order of application, both from the first day of evaluation. SpliNPV was synergistic with azadirachtin and emamectin when it was applied first, but synergy was reached after 12-13 days. Excellent control is possible with the LC of azadirachtin, emamectin and metaflumizone in combination with nucleopolyhedroviruses, and merits further study as a means of controlling lepidopteran pests.
杆状病毒与合成杀虫剂联合用于害虫综合治理，需要研究它们之间对害虫死亡率的相加、协同或拮抗作用。对斜纹夜蛾（Spodoptera litura）和甜菜夜蛾（Spodoptera exigua）进行了多种核多角体病毒（AcMNPV）、核多角体病毒（SpliNPV）和七种杀虫剂（印楝素、氯虫苯甲酰胺、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、氰氟虫腙、甲氧虫酰肼和多杀霉素）的点滴生物测定。通过概率回归计算致死浓度LC₅₀和LC₉₀。然后，研究了杀虫剂和核多角体病毒的顺序投喂。给幼虫提供一种杀虫剂的LC₅₀，24小时后再提供一种核多角体病毒的LC₅₀。也进行了相反的顺序。甜菜夜蛾的杀虫剂LC₅₀和LC₉₀高于斜纹夜蛾。AcMNPV对甜菜夜蛾的毒性比对斜纹夜蛾的SpliNPV更大。当首先施用化学药剂时，甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐与AcMNPV表现出协同作用，而氰氟虫腙和AcMNPV无论施用顺序如何均具有协同作用，从评估的第一天起就是如此。当首先施用SpliNPV时，它与印楝素和甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐具有协同作用，但在12 - 13天后才达到协同作用。印楝素、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐和氰氟虫腙的LC₅₀与核多角体病毒联合使用可以实现良好的防治效果，作为一种防治鳞翅目害虫的手段值得进一步研究。
