Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2020 Aug;48(8):1007-1021. doi: 10.1007/s10802-020-00654-3.
Heightened reward sensitivity has been proposed as a risk factor for developing behavioral disorders whereas heightened punishment sensitivity has been related to the development of anxiety disorders in youth. Combining a cross-sectional (n = 696, mean age = 16.14) and prospective (n = 598, mean age = 20.20) approach, this study tested the hypotheses that an attentional bias for punishing cues is involved in the development of anxiety disorders and an attentional bias for rewarding cues in the development of behavioral disorders. A spatial orientation task was used to examine the relation between an attentional bias for punishing cues and an attentional bias for rewarding cues with anxiety and behavioral problems in a subsample of a large prospective population cohort study. Our study indicates that attentional biases to general cues of punishment and reward do not seem to be important risk factors for the development of anxiety or behavioral problems respectively. It might be that attentional biases play a role in the maintenance of psychological problems. This remains open for future research.
高度的奖励敏感性被认为是发展行为障碍的风险因素，而高度的惩罚敏感性与青少年焦虑障碍的发展有关。本研究采用横断面（n=696，平均年龄=16.14）和前瞻性（n=598，平均年龄=20.20）方法，检验了以下假设：对惩罚线索的注意力偏向与焦虑障碍的发展有关，对奖励线索的注意力偏向与行为障碍的发展有关。本研究使用空间定向任务来检验在一个大型前瞻性人群队列研究的子样本中，对惩罚线索和奖励线索的注意力偏向与焦虑和行为问题之间的关系。我们的研究表明，对一般惩罚和奖励线索的注意力偏向似乎不是发展为焦虑或行为问题的重要风险因素。注意力偏向可能在心理问题的维持中起作用。这有待进一步研究。
