用于测量美国非裔美国人和西班牙裔/拉丁裔 2 型糖尿病患者健康素养的工具：文献的范围综述。
Tools to Measure Health Literacy among US African Americans and Hispanics/Latinos with Type 2 Diabetes: A Scoping Review of the Literature.
机构信息
Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1819 West Polk St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1819 West Polk St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Office of Health Literacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 808 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
出版信息
Patient Educ Couns. 2020 Oct;103(10):2155-2165. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2020.04.012. Epub 2020 Apr 19.
OBJECTIVE
To provide an overview of the health literacy tools that have been validated in samples of African Americans and Hispanics/Latinos with type 2 diabetes, growing segments of the US population.
METHODS
Following PRISMA guidelines, three electronic databases were searched. The following inclusion criteria were used: peer-reviewed research; examined validity of a health literacy tool; and included US African American and/or Hispanic/Latino adults with type 2 diabetes.
RESULTS
Sixteen studies were selected; none exclusively included African Americans while 3 exclusively included Hispanics/Latinos in the sample. Seventeen health literacy tools were identified. Among African Americans, 2 health literacy screeners, 2 diabetes knowledge, and 3 numeracy tools have been validated. Among Hispanics/Latinos, 1 health literacy screener, 1 diabetes knowledge, and 1 numeracy tool have been validated. However, cross-cultural adaptation principles were rarely considered in the development and validation of these tools.
CONCLUSION
In those with type 2 diabetes, future studies should investigate the validity of health literacy screeners among English-speaking Hispanics/Latinos and general health literacy tools among African Americans and Hispanics/Latinos. Evidence on the validity of diabetes knowledge and numeracy tools was mixed across studies.
PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS
Findings can inform the selection of culturally-appropriate health literacy tools in clinical and research settings.
目的
概述已在 2 型糖尿病非裔美国人和西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群样本中验证过的健康素养工具，这些人群是美国人口增长最快的部分。
方法
根据 PRISMA 指南，检索了三个电子数据库。使用了以下纳入标准：同行评议的研究；检验健康素养工具的有效性；并包括美国非裔美国人和/或西班牙裔/拉丁裔 2 型糖尿病成年人。
结果
选择了 16 项研究；没有一项研究专门包括非裔美国人，而有 3 项研究专门包括西班牙裔/拉丁裔。确定了 17 种健康素养工具。在非裔美国人中，有 2 种健康素养筛查工具、2 种糖尿病知识和 3 种计算能力工具得到了验证。在西班牙裔/拉丁裔中，有 1 种健康素养筛查工具、1 种糖尿病知识和 1 种计算能力工具得到了验证。然而，这些工具的开发和验证很少考虑跨文化适应原则。
结论
在 2 型糖尿病患者中，未来的研究应调查英语西班牙语裔拉丁美洲人使用健康素养筛查工具的有效性，以及非裔美国人和西班牙裔/拉丁美洲人使用一般健康素养工具的有效性。不同研究中，糖尿病知识和计算能力工具的有效性证据参差不齐。
实践意义
研究结果可为临床和研究环境中选择文化适宜的健康素养工具提供信息。
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