Shenzhen University.
The Chinese University of Hong Kong.
J Psychol. 2020;154(5):386-410. doi: 10.1080/00223980.2020.1759496.
Individuals with high levels of externally contingent self-worth tend to base their self-esteem on factors such as appearance, competitive success, and others' approval. Such tendencies might also elevate people's focus on material possessions. However, cultural moderation of these associations has yet to be explored. A cross-cultural survey among Chinese and Dutch college students examined the link between externally-based contingent self-worth and materialistic values, as well as the mediating roles of need to belong and need for self-enhancement. An initial multi-group path analysis indicated a stronger link between externally contingent self-worth and materialism for Chinese students than for Dutch students. For both Chinese and Dutch students, externally contingent self-worth was positively related to materialistic values, need to belong, and need for self-enhancement. Need to belong and need for self-enhancement were positively linked with materialism, and need to belong and need for self-enhancement mediated the link between externally contingent self-worth and materialism. Though the indirect effect self-enhancement was somewhat stronger among Chinese participants, this research demonstrates that people's externally contingent self-worth might be a factor predicting materialism across cultures, with need to belong and need for self-enhancement playing similar roles as underlying processes in different societies.
具有高度外在条件依存型自我价值感的个体倾向于将自尊建立在外表、竞争成功和他人认可等因素之上。这些倾向可能还会提升人们对物质财富的关注。然而，这些关联的文化调节作用仍有待探索。一项针对中国和荷兰大学生的跨文化调查研究了外在条件依存型自我价值感与物质主义价值观之间的联系，以及归属感需求和自我提升需求的中介作用。初步的多组路径分析表明，与荷兰学生相比，中国学生的外在条件依存型自我价值感与物质主义之间的联系更强。对于中荷两国的学生来说，外在条件依存型自我价值感与物质主义价值观、归属感需求和自我提升需求呈正相关。归属感需求和自我提升需求与物质主义呈正相关，归属感需求和自我提升需求在外在条件依存型自我价值感与物质主义之间起中介作用。虽然中国参与者的自我提升的间接效应略强，但这项研究表明，人们的外在条件依存型自我价值感可能是跨文化预测物质主义的一个因素，归属感需求和自我提升需求在不同社会中起着类似的潜在过程作用。
