Fraser-Smith E B, Matthews T R
Syntex Research, Department of Antimicrobial Research, Palo Alto, California.
J Ocul Pharmacol. 1988 Winter;4(4):321-6. doi: 10.1089/jop.1988.4.321.
Corticosteroids can exacerbate viral ocular infections. Ketorolac tromethamine is an effective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent that may be a useful substitute for corticosteroids following ocular surgery. In this study, rabbits ocularly infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) were treated topically four times daily with 0.5 percent ketorolac or 0.1 percent dexamethasone for 7 days after infection. Severity of the infection was determined by scoring corneal opacity and HSV-1 corneal ulcerations with the Draize scale as well as iritis and conjunctivitis. Ten days after treatment ended both the corneal opacity scores (1.5 out of 4) and HSV-1 corneal ulcerations (0.3 to 0.7 out of 4) were similar for ketorolac and the vehicle, indicating no exacerbation of the infection, whereas with dexamethasone these scores were increased (3.6/4 and 3.4/4, respectively). Furthermore, both iritis scores (0.5/2) and conjunctivitis scores (1.3 to 1.4/10) were also similar for ketorolac and the vehicle, while dexamethasone increased both iritis (1.8/2) and conjunctivitis (4.3/10) compared to vehicle. Thus, ketorolac appears to be an anti-inflammatory agent that does not worsen viral ocular infection.
皮质类固醇可加重眼部病毒感染。酮咯酸氨丁三醇是一种有效的非甾体抗炎药，可能是眼科手术后皮质类固醇的有用替代品。在本研究中，感染单纯疱疹病毒1型（HSV-1）的兔在感染后每天局部给药4次，分别给予0.5%酮咯酸或0.1%地塞米松，持续7天。通过使用Draize评分标准对角膜混浊和HSV-1角膜溃疡以及虹膜炎和结膜炎进行评分来确定感染的严重程度。治疗结束10天后，酮咯酸组和赋形剂组的角膜混浊评分（4分制下为1.5分）和HSV-1角膜溃疡评分（4分制下为0.3至0.7分）相似，表明感染未加重，而地塞米松组这些评分升高（分别为3.6/4和3.4/4）。此外，酮咯酸组和赋形剂组的虹膜炎评分（2分制下为0.5分）和结膜炎评分（10分制下为1.3至1.4分）也相似，而与赋形剂相比，地塞米松使虹膜炎（2分制下为1.8分）和结膜炎（10分制下为4.3分）均加重。因此，酮咯酸似乎是一种不会加重眼部病毒感染的抗炎药。
