Okudera T, Ohta T, Huang Y P, Yokota A
J Neuroradiol. 1988;15(3):205-24.
The superficial cerebral vessels on the convex side of the cerebral hemisphere were investigated using 40 brains of aborted human fetuses (ranging from 2 to 7 months of gestational age), injected with radiopaque material either through the arterial or venous system. These brains, particularly their vessels, were studied in detail through stepwise roentgenography in stereo-pairs, photography and careful dissections. Morphological changes of the superficial vessels of the cerebral convexity reflect the developmental alterations of the cerebral structures, particularly those of the opercula and cerebral sulci. Between the gestational ages of 3 and 4 months, the middle cerebral artery and its tributaries run radially on the sylvian fossa and over the convexity. Anastomoses among the peripheral branches of the anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arteries take place on the convex side of the hemisphere. At the ages of 3 and 4 months, the middle cerebral vein and its tributaries are well developed compared with the superior and inferior cerebral (or ascending and descending cortical) veins. The middle cerebral vein and its tributaries rapidly regress from the 5th to 7th month. The superior and inferior cerebral veins, on the other hand, develop rapidly during this period. Owing to the development of the opercula and resultant depression of the insula, after seven months of gestation the middle cerebral artery and its branches, begin to differentiate into the vallecular (related to the sylvian vallecula or fronto-temporal notch), insular (related to the insular cortex), opercular (related to the frontal, parietal and temporal opercula) and convexity segments (related to the convex side of the hemisphere). The anastomotic veins of Trolard and Labbé are also recognizable at this stage. The superficial sylvian vein in the process of formation may also be detected. The configuration of the cerebral vessels on the convex side of the hemisphere is also affected greatly by the development of the cerebral sulci. These cerebral vessels may run along, or dip into the sulci. Since the development of the superficial cerebral vessels is closely related to that of the cerebral mantle, these studies should be correlated to detail with those of developmental alterations of the intraparenchymal vessels (medullary arteries and veins). The latter investigation will be presented in a future communication.
利用40例流产的人类胎儿（胎龄2至7个月）的大脑，通过动脉或静脉系统注入不透射线的材料，对大脑半球凸面的浅表脑血管进行了研究。通过立体对的逐步X线摄影、摄影和仔细解剖，对这些大脑，特别是其血管进行了详细研究。大脑凸面浅表血管的形态变化反映了脑结构的发育改变，特别是岛盖和脑沟的发育改变。在孕龄3至4个月之间，大脑中动脉及其分支在外侧裂窝和凸面上呈放射状走行。大脑前、中、后动脉的外周分支在半球凸面发生吻合。在3至4个月时，大脑中静脉及其分支与大脑上、下静脉（或皮质升、降静脉）相比发育良好。大脑中静脉及其分支在第5至7个月迅速退化。另一方面，大脑上、下静脉在此期间迅速发育。由于岛盖的发育以及由此导致的岛叶凹陷，妊娠7个月后，大脑中动脉及其分支开始分化为谷部（与外侧裂谷或额颞切迹相关）、岛叶部（与岛叶皮质相关）、岛盖部（与额、顶、颞岛盖相关）和凸面部（与半球凸面相关）。在此阶段也可识别Trolard静脉和Labbé吻合静脉。在形成过程中的浅表外侧裂静脉也可被检测到。半球凸面脑血管的形态也受到脑沟发育的极大影响。这些脑血管可能沿着脑沟走行或深入脑沟。由于浅表脑血管的发育与脑皮质密切相关，这些研究应与脑实质内血管（髓质动脉和静脉）发育改变的研究详细关联。后者的研究将在未来的一篇通讯中发表。
