Miller S E
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710.
J Electron Microsc Tech. 1988 Jan;8(1):133-5. doi: 10.1002/jemt.1060080109.
Strongyloides stercoralis, the only helminthic parasite that can complete its life cycle in the human host, is also the only helminthic parasite that has been reported with any frequency in AIDS patients. Symptoms include hives, skin eruptions, abdominal pain, perianal pruitis, diarrhea, and pneumonitis. Diagnosis is made by demonstrating rhabditiform larvae in the stool or female parasitic worms and eggs in the small intestinal mucosa; in disseminated cases, rhabditiform or filariform larvae can be found in liver, heart, lungs, thyroid, kidneys, adrenals, pancreas, lymph nodes, and central nervous system. Successful treatment has been achieved with thiabendazol. Strongyloidiasis is uncommon, but since cell-mediated immunity is important in combatting this organism, and since T-lymphocyte function is impaired in AIDS patients, strongyloidiasis should not be overlooked in the diagnosis of opportunistic illnesses in these individuals.
粪类圆线虫是唯一能在人体宿主内完成生命周期的蠕虫寄生虫，也是在艾滋病患者中被频繁报道的唯一蠕虫寄生虫。症状包括荨麻疹、皮肤疹、腹痛、肛周瘙痒、腹泻和肺炎。诊断通过在粪便中发现杆状蚴或在小肠黏膜中发现雌性寄生虫及虫卵来进行；在播散性病例中，可在肝脏、心脏、肺、甲状腺、肾脏、肾上腺、胰腺、淋巴结和中枢神经系统中发现杆状蚴或丝状蚴。使用噻苯达唑已取得成功治疗。粪类圆线虫病并不常见，但由于细胞介导的免疫在对抗这种生物体中很重要，且艾滋病患者的T淋巴细胞功能受损，在这些个体的机会性疾病诊断中不应忽视粪类圆线虫病。
