Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Neurology, Anichstraße 35, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
Medical University of Vienna, Department of Neurology, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Wien 1090, Austria.
Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2020 Aug;43:102155. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102155. Epub 2020 May 13.
Ocrelizumab is a humanized monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody approved for treatment of relapsing-remitting and primary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). Before approval of this drug, the chimeric anti-CD20 antibody rituximab was used off-label for treatment of MS. On treatment with rituximab late-onset neutropenia (LON) was reported as a rare adverse event. Here we report the case of a patient with MS who first received rituximab without experiencing any hematologic abnormalities, but developed grade IV LON after switching to ocrelizumab. This first case of LON in a patient treated with different anti-CD20 antibodies highlights the necessity of regular hemogram examinations during ocrelizumab.
奥瑞珠单抗是一种人源化单克隆抗 CD20 抗体，已被批准用于治疗复发缓解型和原发性进展型多发性硬化症（MS）。在该药物获得批准之前，嵌合抗 CD20 抗体利妥昔单抗曾被超适应证用于治疗 MS。在使用利妥昔单抗治疗期间，迟发性中性粒细胞减少症（LON）被报告为一种罕见的不良反应。在此，我们报告了一例 MS 患者的病例，该患者首次接受利妥昔单抗治疗时未出现任何血液学异常，但在转为奥瑞珠单抗治疗后出现了 4 级 LON。首例接受不同抗 CD20 抗体治疗的患者发生 LON 病例突显了在使用奥瑞珠单抗期间定期进行血常规检查的必要性。
