Rezaei Sara, Bakhtiyari Salar, Assadollahi Khairolah, Heidarizadi Somayeh, Moayeri Ardashir, Azizi Monireh
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
Basic Clin Neurosci. 2020 Jan-Feb;11(1):31-40. doi: 10.32598/bcn.9.10.405. Epub 2020 Jan 1.
The proteoglycans of the extracellular matrix increases in the glial scar during spinal cord injury and significantly affects the inhibition of axonal regeneration.
The results of injury therapies are limited due to the lack of identifying a timely therapeutic intervention. The present study aimed to investigate the glial scar Chondroitin Sulfate (CS) and Dermatan Sulfate (DS) levels at different post-injury times to determine the appropriate time for therapeutic intervention.
By this experimental study, 72 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 12 groups, as follows: control, sham, injured animals at 1, 2, 4, and 8 days, as well as 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks post-injury. The animals in the injured groups were contused in the T10 segment of the spinal cord. The motor function of animals was assessed using the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) test. Besides, the histological assessment was performed using Luxol Fast Blue and Bielshovisky Staining. The CS and DS levels of lesions were measured using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method.
The motor function assessment indicated a relative recovery over time. Histological results confirmed some regeneration in the injury site at 20 weeks post-injury. The ELISA results demonstrated a much higher level of DS than that of CS in the glial scar. Considering high levels of DS, compared to CS in the glial scar and its reduction from second weeks after SCI onwards, the second week after SCI seems to be the best time for therapeutic interventions in terms of scar permeability.
脊髓损伤时，细胞外基质中的蛋白聚糖在胶质瘢痕中增加，显著影响轴突再生的抑制。
由于缺乏及时的治疗干预措施，损伤治疗的效果有限。本研究旨在调查损伤后不同时间点胶质瘢痕中硫酸软骨素（CS）和硫酸皮肤素（DS）的水平，以确定治疗干预的合适时间。
通过本实验研究，72只Wistar大鼠被随机分为12组，如下：对照组、假手术组、损伤后1天、2天、4天、8天以及损伤后2周、4周、8周、12周、16周和20周的损伤动物组。损伤组动物在脊髓T10节段受到挫伤。使用Basso、Beattie和Bresnahan（BBB）测试评估动物的运动功能。此外，使用Luxol Fast Blue和Bielshovisky染色进行组织学评估。使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）方法测量损伤部位的CS和DS水平。
运动功能评估表明随着时间推移有相对恢复。组织学结果证实损伤后20周损伤部位有一些再生。ELISA结果表明胶质瘢痕中DS水平远高于CS。考虑到胶质瘢痕中DS水平高于CS，且自脊髓损伤后第二周起其水平下降，就瘢痕通透性而言，脊髓损伤后第二周似乎是治疗干预的最佳时间。
