Faradilla Rh Fitri, Lucia Lucian, Hakovirta Marko
Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kota Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara 93232, Indonesia.
Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2020 May 29;10(6):1049. doi: 10.3390/nano10061049.
Citric acid (CA) was used for the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of cellulose nanofiber and found to exert remarkable effects on the chemistry and physical aspects of the product distribution. More specifically, the morphology, yield, elemental and proximate composition, chemical functional groups, thermal properties and surface properties of the resultant hydrochars were studied extensively. The morphological properties of the final char were the singularly most surprising and unique finding of this study. The cellulose nanofiber hydrochars were contrasted to hydrochars from bleached softwood pulp, having a similar composition with the former, to pinpoint the role of nano-dimensions. Without the presence of CA, the pulp hydrochar lacked several of the spherical dimensions shown in the nanocellulose; however, and unexpectedly, the presence of CA caused a homogenization of the final product distribution for both samples. Finally, thermally stable and high surface area hydrochars were obtained when the hydrochar was rinsed with acetone.
柠檬酸（CA）被用于纤维素纳米纤维的水热碳化（HTC），并发现其对产物分布的化学和物理方面产生显著影响。更具体地说，对所得水热炭的形态、产率、元素和近似组成、化学官能团、热性能和表面性能进行了广泛研究。最终炭的形态特性是本研究中最令人惊讶和独特的发现。将纤维素纳米纤维水热炭与来自漂白软木浆的水热炭进行对比，后者与前者组成相似，以确定纳米尺寸的作用。在没有CA的情况下，纸浆水热炭缺乏纳米纤维素中显示的几个球形尺寸；然而，出乎意料的是，CA的存在导致了两个样品最终产物分布的均匀化。最后，当用水热炭用丙酮冲洗时，获得了热稳定且高表面积的水热炭。
