Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Sidney Kimmel College of Medicine; Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Jefferson Health, Thomas Jefferson University, 834 Walnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA.
Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Sidney Kimmel College of Medicine; Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Jefferson Health, Thomas Jefferson University, 834 Walnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA.
Am J Med Sci. 2020 Nov;360(5):467-473. doi: 10.1016/j.amjms.2020.04.023. Epub 2020 Apr 25.
Interstitial lung diseases comprise a family of progressive pulmonary disorders that are often idiopathic or associated with various systemic diseases and that is characterized by bilateral lung involvement with inflammation and tissue remodeling or fibrosis. The impact of sex, including the anatomic and physiologic traits that one is born with, on the development and progression of interstitial lung diseases is not entirely clear. Variances between men and women are driven by differences in male and female biology and sex hormones, among other differences, but their role remains uncertain. In this review, we summarize sex-related differences in the epidemiology and progression of certain interstitial lung diseases with a focus on the connective tissue related interstitial lung diseases, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and sarcoidosis. We also discuss cellular and pre-clinical studies that might shed light on the potential mechanisms responsible for these differences in the hope of unveiling potential targets for intervention and stimulating research in this needed field of investigation.
间质性肺疾病包括一组进行性肺部疾病，通常为特发性或与各种系统性疾病相关，其特征为双侧肺受累，伴有炎症和组织重塑或纤维化。性别对间质性肺疾病的发展和进展的影响尚不完全清楚，包括一个人天生的解剖和生理特征。男女之间的差异是由男性和女性生物学和性激素等差异驱动的，但它们的作用仍然不确定。在这篇综述中，我们总结了某些间质性肺疾病的流行病学和进展中的性别差异，重点关注与结缔组织相关的间质性肺疾病、特发性肺纤维化和结节病。我们还讨论了可能阐明这些差异潜在机制的细胞和临床前研究，希望为干预提供潜在靶点，并激发这一亟需研究领域的研究。
