University of Waterloo School of Pharmacy, 10A Victoria St S, Kitchener, ON, N2G 1C5, Canada; OPEN, Ontario Pharmacy Evidence Network, Canada.
University of Waterloo School of Pharmacy, 10A Victoria St S, Kitchener, ON, N2G 1C5, Canada; OPEN, Ontario Pharmacy Evidence Network, Canada; School of Human Services and Social Work, Griffith University, 68 University Dr, Meadowbrook, Queensland, 4131, Australia.
Res Social Adm Pharm. 2021 Mar;17(3):572-577. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.05.006. Epub 2020 May 16.
Community pharmacists' optimal scope of practice extends far beyond traditional dispensing or compounding, and health promotion or chronic disease management services based in the pharmacy can generate significant social and economic value. But, with many competing demands and performance expectations from patients, payers, and policymakers, many pharmacies face challenges when introducing, maintaining, optimizing, or integrating their service offerings. Quality Improvement (QI) science may provide a practical change management framework for pharmacy professionals to lead their teams in embracing optimal scope and in making pharmacy-based services more feasible and attractive for all parties.
To build community pharmacies' capacity for continuous QI (CQI) and to understand how the implementation of CQI is best achieved in this setting.
Community pharmacies will undertake a process of change within one or more existing pharmacy services. Participatory action research principles will empower these sites to identify their own opportunities for improvement, generate change ideas, and trial and study those ideas in practice, using a QI system built on the Model for Improvement and Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles. An external Quality Facilitator will consult and train an internal Change Champion and other pharmacy staff to use QI tools and strategy. Mixed methods will be used to explore changes in pharmacy service quality, and to understand the experience of the pharmacy professionals taking part in the QI process.
To assess the capacity and willingness of community pharmacies to undertake self-directed QI initiatives, with the support of an external Quality Facilitator and an established QI approach. Understandings surrounding the transferability of this process, including further scale-up, and the production of additional change management tools are additional potential outcomes of this work.
社区药剂师的最佳实践范围远远超出了传统的配药或制剂，以药房为基础的健康促进或慢性病管理服务可以产生巨大的社会和经济效益。但是，由于患者、支付方和政策制定者有许多相互竞争的需求和绩效期望，许多药房在引入、维持、优化或整合其服务时都面临挑战。质量改进（QI）科学可能为药剂师专业人员提供一个实用的变革管理框架，以引领他们的团队接受最佳实践范围，并使基于药房的服务对各方更可行和更具吸引力。
培养社区药房持续质量改进（CQI）的能力，并了解在这种环境下如何最好地实施 CQI。
社区药房将在一项或多项现有药房服务中进行变革过程。参与式行动研究原则将使这些站点能够确定自己的改进机会，提出变革想法，并在实践中试用和研究这些想法，使用基于改进模型和计划-执行-研究-行动（PDSA）循环的 QI 系统。外部质量促进者将咨询和培训内部变革推动者和其他药房工作人员使用 QI 工具和策略。将使用混合方法来评估药房服务质量的变化，并了解参与 QI 过程的药房专业人员的经验。
评估社区药房在外部质量促进者和既定 QI 方法的支持下，自主开展 QI 计划的能力和意愿。了解这一过程的可转移性，包括进一步扩大规模，以及产生更多变革管理工具，是这项工作的其他潜在结果。
