Parekh Parneet S., Gupta Vikas
Kendall Regional Hospital
Wellness Psychiatry P.C
Appropriate hand, fingers, wrist, and forearm positioning is often required to facilitate proper exposure to the surgical site and anesthesia administration with easy accessibility to the intravenous (IV) site and the American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) monitors for the anesthesiologist. The most common surgical positioning is supine, Trendelenburg, and lithotomy position. These positions often require arms in abduction less than 90-degree rested on the armrest or tugged in the neutral position. Whereas in the lateral position, the bottom limb is padded at bony prominence and placed in front of the patient, and the top limb is placed on top with padding in between the arms or flexed at shoulder and elbow. Prone position arms are abducted, but abduction should not exceed more than 90 degrees. An axillary roll is often utilized during prone positioning to prevent compression of the brachial plexus and axillary vascular structures.
通常需要适当的手部、手指、手腕和前臂定位，以便于充分暴露手术部位和进行麻醉给药，同时便于麻醉医生接近静脉（IV）穿刺部位以及美国麻醉医师协会（ASA）监测设备。最常见的手术体位是仰卧位、头低脚高位和截石位。这些体位通常要求手臂外展角度小于90度，靠在扶手上或处于中立位。而在侧卧位时，下方肢体在骨性突出部位进行衬垫，放置在患者身前，上方肢体放置在上面，双臂之间有衬垫或在肩部和肘部屈曲。俯卧位时手臂外展，但外展不应超过90度。俯卧位时通常使用腋垫以防止臂丛神经和腋部血管结构受压。
