Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS-UP), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2020 Sep;104:92-100. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.05.080. Epub 2020 May 31.
Most pathogens start the process of infection at the mucosal surfaces and therefore the mucosal immune response plays an essential role in the course of the infection. Due to the Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis Kaup) condition of flatfish, the present comparative study aimed to analyse several immune-related enzymes as well as the bactericidal activity in the skin mucus from ocular and blind sides. For this purpose, Senegalese sole juveniles were bath challenged with a sub-lethal dose of Tenacibaculum maritimum for 24 h and sampled at 1, 2 and 3 weeks. The haematological profile and immune-related parameters were also measured in plasma in order to evaluate the systemic immune response after T. maritimum challenge. Results from this study showed that most parameters tested increased in skin mucus of bath challenged fish compared to unchallenged ones. In contrast, the sub-lethal dose tested did not influence the haematological profile including peripheral numbers the different leucocyte types. No variations were observed in plasma lysozyme, peroxidase, protease and haemolytic complement activities between unchallenged and bath challenged fish. This study suggests that the studied innate immune-related molecules are constitutively present in both skin mucus sides but at different levels. Interestingly, the levels of most parameters measured were higher on the ocular side than on the blind side, possibly due to the higher exposure to invasion by waterborne microorganisms on this side. Therefore, the present study brings some insights regarding local immune responses after bacterial challenge in skin mucus from the ocular and blind sides in one of the most valuable flatfish species in southern Europe.
大多数病原体在黏膜表面开始感染过程，因此黏膜免疫反应在感染过程中起着至关重要的作用。由于塞内加尔比目鱼（Solea senegalensis Kaup）是一种比目鱼，本研究旨在分析眼部和盲侧皮肤黏液中的几种与免疫相关的酶和杀菌活性。为此，将塞内加尔比目鱼幼鱼用亚致死剂量的 Tenacibaculum maritimum 进行浴式挑战 24 小时，并在 1、2 和 3 周时取样。还测量了血浆中的血液学特征和与免疫相关的参数，以评估 T. maritimum 挑战后的全身免疫反应。本研究结果表明，与未受挑战的鱼相比，大多数测试参数在受浴挑战的鱼的皮肤黏液中增加。相比之下，测试的亚致死剂量并未影响包括外周白细胞类型在内的血液学特征。未观察到未受挑战和受浴挑战的鱼之间血浆溶菌酶、过氧化物酶、蛋白酶和溶血补体活性的变化。本研究表明，研究中涉及的先天免疫相关分子在两侧的皮肤黏液中均存在，但水平不同。有趣的是，在眼部侧测量的大多数参数的水平高于盲侧，这可能是由于该侧更容易受到水传播微生物的入侵。因此，本研究为在欧洲南部最有价值的比目鱼之一的眼部和盲侧皮肤黏液中，细菌挑战后局部免疫反应提供了一些见解。
