Qin Pengmin, Wang Mingxia, Northoff Georg
Centre for Studies of Psychological Applications, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou, 510335, China.
Hearing and Speech Department, Xinhua College of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2020 Aug;115:77-95. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.05.004. Epub 2020 May 31.
Current researchers mostly agree that the self consists of both bodily and non-bodily environmental information. The neural mechanism underlying the integration of this information remains unclear. In this study, we propose a neural model subdividing self-processing into three intimately connected levels with different extension: Interoceptive-processing, Exteroceptive-processing and Mental-self-processing. We applied ALE meta-analyses on neuroimaging studies to analyze their neural patterns. Our results show common involvement of insula across all three levels including differentiation of self and familiarity. Common activities in Exteroceptive- and Mental-self-processing were found in the anteromedial prefrontal cortex (AMPFC) and the temporal parietal junction (TPJ), suggesting that the two regions likely serve basic functions in differentiation and integration of self-other information. Finally, Mental-self-processing involves extensive regions such as the cingulate cortex and medial prefrontal cortex, in addition to the insula, AMPFC and TPJ, which could specialize in adding self-relatedness to environment information. We conclude that there is a gradient organization in self-processing, through which body-environment information is integrated for the self via propagation from Interoceptive-processing to Mental-self-processing.
当前的研究者大多认同自我由身体和非身体的环境信息构成。这种信息整合背后的神经机制仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们提出一种神经模型，将自我处理细分为三个紧密相连、具有不同范围的层次：内感受处理、外感受处理和心理自我处理。我们对神经影像学研究应用了激活可能性估计（ALE）元分析来分析其神经模式。我们的结果表明，脑岛在所有三个层次中都有共同参与，包括自我区分和熟悉度。在前额叶内侧前皮质（AMPFC）和颞顶联合区（TPJ）发现了外感受处理和心理自我处理中的共同活动，这表明这两个区域可能在自我与他人信息的区分和整合中发挥基本功能。最后，心理自我处理除了涉及脑岛、AMPFC和TPJ外，还涉及广泛的区域，如扣带回皮质和内侧前额叶皮质，这些区域可能专门负责为环境信息添加自我相关性。我们得出结论，自我处理中存在一种梯度组织，通过这种组织，身体与环境信息通过从内感受处理到心理自我处理的传播为自我进行整合。
