Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
School of Nursing Healthcare Professions, Federation University Australia, Mount Helen, VIC, Australia.
J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2021 Apr;28(2):174-185. doi: 10.1111/jpm.12663. Epub 2020 Jul 14.
What is known on the subject? Distress screening amongst FGs is emphasized in worldwide studies, but existing general tools were found time-consuming and sometimes inconvenient when using them amongst FGs of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. The DT, a single-item scale, was widely used to detect distress amongst FGs of cancer patients, showing good reliability, validity and discrimination power. The 21-item Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS21) can identify distress in the general population and serve as a criterion to determine an optimal cut-off score of the DT. WHAT DOES THE PAPER ADD TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: The DT presented good reliability, validity and discriminatory power amongst FGs of adults diagnosed with schizophrenia. A cut-off score of six maximized sensitivity (77%) and specificity (76%). Over half of the FGs of adults diagnosed with schizophrenia reached this cut-off score and experienced significant distress. Distress was higher in FGs of male patients, when FGs were parents, and for FGs whose educational background was primary school or below. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: The DT is an effective alternative to existing instruments in identifying distressed FGs of adults diagnosed with schizophrenia. It is important to provide FGs with distress screening programmes and interventions (e.g. skill-building psychoeducation) to identify and relieve distress. In addition, future research could explore brief measures to simultaneously recognize potential negative and positive impacts of caregiving in FGs.
已知的相关内容是什么？在全球范围内的研究中强调了对 FG 进行困扰筛查，但现有的一般工具在用于诊断为精神分裂症的 FG 患者时被发现既耗时又不方便。DT 是一种单项量表，广泛用于检测癌症患者 FG 的困扰，具有良好的可靠性、有效性和区分能力。21 项抑郁焦虑和压力量表（DASS21）可用于识别一般人群中的困扰，并作为确定 DT 最佳截断分数的标准。本文在现有知识方面有何新增？DT 在诊断为精神分裂症的成年 FG 中具有良好的可靠性、有效性和区分能力。6 分的截断分数最大限度地提高了敏感性（77%）和特异性（76%）。超过一半的诊断为精神分裂症的成年 FG 达到了这一截断分数，并经历了显著的困扰。男性患者的 FG、FG 是父母以及 FG 的教育背景是小学或以下的 FG 的困扰程度更高。这对实践有何影响？DT 是识别诊断为精神分裂症的成年 FG 中困扰 FG 的有效替代工具。为 FG 提供困扰筛查计划和干预措施（例如技能培养心理教育）以识别和缓解困扰非常重要。此外，未来的研究可以探索同时识别 FG 中潜在的负面和积极的照顾影响的简短措施。
