Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, PO Box 5000, 90014, Oulu, Finland.
Rovaniemi Health Center, Koskikatu 25, 96200, Rovaniemi, Finland.
BMC Public Health. 2020 Jun 5;20(1):869. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-08995-w.
The relevance of health-related behaviors to exclusion from the labor market in early adulthood remains poorly studied in relation to the magnitude of the problem. We explored whether adolescents' accumulated unhealthy behaviors and psychosocial problems are associated with later labor market exclusion, and whether multisite musculoskeletal pain (MMSP) impacts these relations.
We gathered questionnaire data on unhealthy behaviors and psychosocial problems and MMSP among adolescents aged 15 to 16 belonging to the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986. The findings were combined with registry data on unemployment, employment and permanent work disability during a five-year follow-up between the ages of 25 and 29 (n = 6692). In the statistical modeling we used education, family leave and socioeconomic status of childhood family as potential confounders, as well as latent class and logistic regression analyses.
The Externalizing behavior cluster associated with over one year of unemployment (RR 1.64, CI 1.25-2.14) and permanent work disability (OR 2.49, CI 1.07-5.78) in the follow-up among the men. The Sedentary cluster also associated with over one year (RR 1.41, CI 1.13-1.75) and under one year of unemployment (RR 1.25, CI 1.02-1.52) and no employment days (RR 1.93, CI 1.26-2.95) among the men. Obese male participants were at risk of over one year of unemployment (RR 1.50, CI 1.08-2.09) and no employment days (RR 1.93, CI 1.07-3.50). Among the women, the Multiple risk behavior cluster related significantly to over one year of unemployment (RR 1.77, CI 1.37-2.28). MMSP had no influence on the associations.
Unhealthy behavior patterns and psychosocial problems in adolescence have long-term consequences for exclusion from the labor market in early adulthood, especially among men. Simultaneously supporting psychological well-being and healthy behaviors in adolescence may reduce labor market inclusion difficulties in the early phase of working life.
与劳动力市场排斥问题的严重程度相比，与健康相关的行为与青少年早期劳动力市场排斥之间的相关性仍未得到充分研究。我们探讨了青少年积累的不健康行为和心理社会问题是否与以后的劳动力市场排斥有关，以及多部位肌肉骨骼疼痛（MMSP）是否会影响这些关系。
我们收集了属于芬兰北部出生队列 1986 组的 15 至 16 岁青少年的不健康行为和心理社会问题以及 MMSP 的问卷数据。在 25 至 29 岁期间的五年随访中，将这些发现与失业、就业和永久性工作残疾的登记数据相结合（n=6692）。在统计建模中，我们使用了教育、育儿假和儿童时期家庭的社会经济地位作为潜在的混杂因素，以及潜在类别和逻辑回归分析。
男性中，外化行为群集与失业超过一年（RR 1.64，CI 1.25-2.14）和永久性工作残疾（OR 2.49，CI 1.07-5.78）有关。久坐行为群集也与失业超过一年（RR 1.41，CI 1.13-1.75）和失业不足一年（RR 1.25，CI 1.02-1.52）以及无就业天数（RR 1.93，CI 1.26-2.95）有关。肥胖的男性参与者有失业超过一年（RR 1.50，CI 1.08-2.09）和无就业天数（RR 1.93，CI 1.07-3.50）的风险。在女性中，多重风险行为群集与失业超过一年（RR 1.77，CI 1.37-2.28）显著相关。MMSP 对这些关联没有影响。
青少年时期的不健康行为模式和心理社会问题对成年早期劳动力市场排斥有长期影响，尤其是对男性。同时支持青少年心理健康和健康行为可能会减少工作生命周期早期的劳动力市场融入困难。
