University of Washington Bothell, School of Nursing and Health Studies, 18115 Campus Way N.E., Box 358532, Bothell, WA, 98011, USA.
Prev Sci. 2020 Aug;21(6):772-783. doi: 10.1007/s11121-020-01136-0.
This study examined trends in adolescent perceptions of social norms pertaining to adolescent cannabis use, in relation to past 30-day adolescent cannabis use, and was interpreted in light of Washington State's liberalized recreational cannabis policy (LRCP: 2012). Data come from Washington's Healthy Youth Survey (HYS), collected during even-numbered years between 2008 and 2018, with methods-stabilized surveys of school-attending youths in grades 8, 10, and 12. This study used an aggregate state census sample of n = 325,723. Year-specific social norms and cannabis use proportions were estimated, stratified by grade. Regression analyses assessed associations between social norms and recent cannabis use. The proportion of recent adolescent cannabis use during the initial years post-LRCP in Washington State remained relatively stable or trended downward slightly; however, 2018 data may indicate a slight upward trend for 10th and 8th graders. Cannabis use by a close friend consistently paralleled adolescent cannabis use trends. The proportion of youth reporting parental acceptance of, and overall community acceptance of, adolescent cannabis use trended slightly upward in 2014 (post-LRCP implementation) but, since, has remained stable or declined slightly. Adolescent self-acceptance of youth cannabis use increased steadily for high school students between 2008 and 2014, edged downward in 2016, and then trended back upward for 8th and 10th graders in 2018. Perceived parental acceptance remained statistically associated with adolescent cannabis use across grades and years, with the strength of associations edging up. Ongoing monitoring of substance use and related risk factor trends will be needed to understand the impacts of LRCPs.
本研究考察了青少年对与青少年大麻使用相关的社会规范的看法趋势，这些看法与过去 30 天青少年大麻使用的情况有关，并结合华盛顿州放宽的娱乐大麻政策（LRCP：2012 年）进行了解释。数据来自华盛顿州的健康青年调查（HYS），该调查在 2008 年至 2018 年偶数年期间收集，方法是对 8 年级、10 年级和 12 年级的在校青少年进行稳定的调查。本研究使用了 n = 325723 的州级总体普查样本。根据年级分层，估计了特定年份的社会规范和大麻使用比例。回归分析评估了社会规范与近期大麻使用之间的关联。在华盛顿州，LRCP 实施后的最初几年，最近青少年大麻使用的比例保持相对稳定或略有下降；然而，2018 年的数据可能表明 10 年级和 8 年级学生的比例略有上升。密友的大麻使用情况始终与青少年大麻使用趋势平行。报告父母对青少年大麻使用的接受程度以及整个社区对青少年大麻使用的接受程度的青年比例在 2014 年（LRCP 实施后）略有上升，但此后一直保持稳定或略有下降。高中生的青少年自我接受青少年大麻使用的比例在 2008 年至 2014 年期间稳步上升，在 2016 年略有下降，然后在 2018 年回升到 8 年级和 10 年级学生的水平。感知到的父母接受度在各年级和各年份与青少年大麻使用情况始终保持统计学关联，关联强度略有上升。需要持续监测物质使用和相关风险因素的趋势，以了解 LRCP 的影响。
