Takahashi Junichi, Kawachi Yousuke, Gyoba Jiro
Faculty of Human Development and Culture, Fukushima University1.
Department of Psychology for Human Well-being, Faculty of General Welfare, Tohoku Fukushi University2.
Adv Cogn Psychol. 2019 Aug 30;15(3):169-184. doi: 10.5709/acp-0266-z. eCollection 2019.
We examined the influence of expansion and contraction on visual short-term memory (VSTM) using a change-detection task. In each trial, several expanding/contracting line segments with various orientations were presented in two successive displays. The orientation of objects in the second display was either identical to, or different from, that of the first display. Observers were asked to judge the presence or absence of an orientation change in successive displays. Results showed that memory performance for expanding objects was higher than for contracting objects (expansion benefit: Experiments 1A and 1B). Further experiments focused on VSTM processing (encoding, storage, and retrieval). Regarding the retrieval stage, an expansion benefit was replicated only when the direction of motion was consistent between two successive displays (Experiment 2A). A cueing stimulus enhanced the memory performance for both expanding and contracting motions and eliminated the expansion benefit (Experiment 2B). Regarding the storage stage, we found the expansion benefit occurred only for shorter blank intervals between the two displays (Experiment 3). Regarding the encoding stage, the expansion benefit was observed regardless of presentation times (Experiment 4). These results indicate the possibility that expanding and contracting motions modulate VSTM.
我们使用变化检测任务研究了扩张和收缩对视觉短期记忆（VSTM）的影响。在每次试验中，在两个连续的显示画面中呈现几个具有不同方向的扩张/收缩线段。第二个显示画面中物体的方向与第一个显示画面中的方向相同或不同。观察者被要求判断连续显示画面中方向是否发生变化。结果表明，扩张物体的记忆表现高于收缩物体（扩张优势：实验1A和1B）。进一步的实验聚焦于VSTM处理（编码、存储和检索）。关于检索阶段，只有当两个连续显示画面之间的运动方向一致时，扩张优势才会重现（实验2A）。一个提示刺激增强了扩张和收缩运动的记忆表现，并消除了扩张优势（实验2B）。关于存储阶段，我们发现扩张优势仅在两个显示画面之间较短的空白间隔时出现（实验3）。关于编码阶段，无论呈现次数如何，都观察到了扩张优势（实验4）。这些结果表明扩张和收缩运动调节VSTM的可能性。
