Sharma Suresh K, Jelly Prasuna, Bhadoria Ajeet S, Thakur Kalpana, Gawande Kanchan
College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.
Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Mar 26;9(3):1555-1561. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_932_19. eCollection 2020 Mar.
Awareness about disease among tuberculosis (TB) patients plays a crucial role toward successfully achieving targets for control, prevention, and their relatives treatment adherence and is not well studied or documented. This study sought to explore the awareness and perceptions of TB patients in a tertiary care centre in northern India.
This was an exploratory study conducted between January and December 2016 among 1,000 pulmonary TB patients and their relatives. Structured and validated interview schedule was used to assess participants knowledge and perception regarding TB, which comprised of 41 questions. Ethical clearance was taken and written informed consent was obtained from each study participants. Data analysis was done using SPSS 22.0 version.
A total of 1,000 study participants (mean age 40.2 ± 9.6 years, females 51%) were enrolled. More than two-third of the study participants were from Uttarakhand. Study participants had highest knowledge score (61.85%) regarding sign and symptoms, followed by scores in the aspect of prevention and treatment of TB (52.7%). However, a lower proportion (51.5%) knew about its causation. Overall knowledge score was 54.8%. Around half of the subjects (49.7%) disagreed that TB is a major health problem.
Regardless of non-satisfactory knowledge of participants, their perception regarding TB was better. As to the associated factors, we found that participants' knowledge had significant association with religion, educational status, occupation, family income per month, type of family, and source of health information. Although there was insignificant difference between family monthly incomes, source of health information and perception regarding TB.
结核病患者对疾病的认知对于成功实现控制、预防目标以及患者及其亲属的治疗依从性起着至关重要的作用，但这方面的研究和记录并不充分。本研究旨在探索印度北部一家三级护理中心结核病患者的认知和看法。
这是一项在2016年1月至12月期间对1000名肺结核患者及其亲属进行的探索性研究。采用结构化且经过验证的访谈提纲来评估参与者对结核病的知识和认知，该提纲包含41个问题。已获得伦理批准，并从每位研究参与者处获得书面知情同意书。使用SPSS 22.0版本进行数据分析。
共纳入1000名研究参与者（平均年龄40.2±9.6岁，女性占51%）。超过三分之二的研究参与者来自北阿坎德邦。研究参与者对症状体征的知识得分最高（61.85%），其次是结核病预防和治疗方面的得分（52.7%）。然而，知晓其病因的比例较低（51.5%）。总体知识得分为54.8%。约一半的受试者（49.7%）不同意结核病是一个主要的健康问题。
尽管参与者的知识水平不尽人意，但他们对结核病的认知较好。关于相关因素，我们发现参与者的知识与宗教、教育程度、职业、家庭月收入、家庭类型以及健康信息来源存在显著关联。尽管家庭月收入、健康信息来源与对结核病的认知之间差异不显著。
