Karuitha Miriam, Bargul Joel, Lutomiah Joel, Muriu Simon, Nzovu Joseph, Sang Rosemary, Mwangangi Joseph, Mbogo Charles
Vector Biology Unit, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Center for Geographic Medicine Research Coast, Kilifi, P.O. Box 230-80100, Kenya.
Department of Biochemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Juja, Kenya.
Wellcome Open Res. 2019 Nov 13;4:175. doi: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15550.1. eCollection 2019.
Management of arboviruses relies heavily on vector control. Implementation and sustenance of effective control measures requires regular surveillance of mosquito occurrences, species abundance and distribution. The current study evaluated larval habitat diversity and productivity, mosquito species diversity and distribution in selected sites along the coast of Kenya. A cross-sectional survey of mosquito breeding habitats, species diversity and distribution was conducted in urban, peri-urban and forested ecological zones in Mombasa and Kilifi counties. A total of 13,009 immature mosquitoes were collected from 17 diverse aquatic habitats along the coast of Kenya. Larval productivity differed significantly (F = 3.21, P < 0.0001) among the aquatic habitats, with tyre habitats recording the highest larval population. (50.17%) and (38.73%) were the dominant mosquito species in urban areas, while (89%) was the dominant species in forested areas. In total, 4,735 adult mosquitoes belonging to 19 species were collected in Haller Park, Bamburi, Gede and Arabuko Sokoke forest. Urban areas supported higher densities of compared to peri-urban and forest areas, which, on the other hand, supported greater mosquito species diversity. High production in urban and peri-urban areas present a greater risk of arbovirus outbreaks. Targeting productive habitats of , such as discarded tyres, containers and poorly maintained drainage systems in urban areas and preventing human-vector contact in peri-urban and forested areas could have a significant impact on the prevalence of arboviruses along the coast of Kenya, forestalling the periodic outbreaks experienced in the region.
虫媒病毒的管理在很大程度上依赖于病媒控制。有效控制措施的实施和维持需要对蚊子的出现情况、物种丰度和分布进行定期监测。本研究评估了肯尼亚沿海选定地点的幼虫栖息地多样性和生产力、蚊子物种多样性和分布情况。在蒙巴萨和基利菲县的城市、城郊和森林生态区，对蚊子繁殖栖息地、物种多样性和分布进行了横断面调查。从肯尼亚沿海17种不同的水生栖息地共采集到13009只未成熟蚊子。不同水生栖息地的幼虫生产力差异显著（F = 3.21，P < 0.0001），轮胎栖息地的幼虫数量最多。在城市地区，埃及伊蚊（50.17%）和白纹伊蚊（38.73%）是优势蚊种，而在森林地区，非洲疟蚊（89%）是优势种。在哈勒公园、班布里、盖德和阿伯库索科克森林共采集到4735只属于19个物种的成年蚊子。与城郊和森林地区相比，城市地区埃及伊蚊的密度更高，而城郊和森林地区则具有更高的蚊子物种多样性。城市和城郊地区埃及伊蚊的高繁殖率带来了更大的虫媒病毒爆发风险。针对城市地区埃及伊蚊的繁殖栖息地，如废弃轮胎、容器和维护不善的排水系统，并在城郊和森林地区防止人与病媒接触，可能会对肯尼亚沿海地区虫媒病毒的流行产生重大影响，防止该地区周期性爆发疫情。
