Pyszko Petr, Višňovská Denisa, Drgová Michaela, Šigut Martin, Drozd Pavel
Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Environ Entomol. 2020 Aug 20;49(4):902-911. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvaa060.
Insect microbiota may play a wide range of roles in host physiology. Among others, microbiota can be involved in diet processing or protection against pathogens, both of which are potentially important in bryophagous (moss-feeding) insects, which survive on extreme diets and live in the stable environment of moss clumps suitable for the growth of fungi and bacteria. We treated Cytilus sericeus (Forster, 1771) (Coleoptera: Byrrhidae) as a model organism with bactericides and fungicides to test the effect of bacterial and fungal removal on egg hatching and larval development. Furthermore, we supplied larvae with adult feces to determine whether feces is a source of beneficial microbiota or pathogens. Bactericides had a positive effect, but fungicides had a negative effect on beetle fitness, both of which manifested during egg hatching. The feces did not play a positive role. Our conclusions indicate the presence of beneficial fungal microbiota associated with eggs but not transmitted through feces. Based on preliminary cultivation and fungicide tests, Fusarium or Penicillium may be important for suppressing pathogens, but their exact role needs to be further studied.
昆虫微生物群可能在宿主生理过程中发挥多种作用。其中，微生物群可参与食物处理或抵御病原体，这两者对食苔藓昆虫都可能很重要，因为它们以极端食物为生，生活在适合真菌和细菌生长的苔藓丛稳定环境中。我们将丝光萤叶甲（Cytilus sericeus，福斯特，1771年）（鞘翅目：扁甲科）作为模式生物，用杀菌剂和杀真菌剂处理，以测试去除细菌和真菌对卵孵化和幼虫发育的影响。此外，我们给幼虫提供成虫粪便，以确定粪便是否是有益微生物群或病原体的来源。杀菌剂有积极作用，但杀真菌剂对甲虫的适合度有负面影响，这两者都在卵孵化期间表现出来。粪便没有起到积极作用。我们的结论表明，存在与卵相关的有益真菌微生物群，但不是通过粪便传播的。基于初步培养和杀真菌剂测试，镰刀菌或青霉可能对抑制病原体很重要，但其确切作用需要进一步研究。
