College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
Department of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
Sci Rep. 2020 Jun 11;10(1):9474. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-66443-6.
Incidental findings are a well-known complication of imaging studies done for both diagnostic and research purposes. Little is known about the rates and types of incidental findings found on brain MRI in patients with HIV infection, who may be at risk for HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND).
The parent study included 108 adults with HIV infection and 125 demographically-matched uninfected controls who completed MRI and neuropsychological testing. Incidental findings were classified by the study team as vascular, neoplastic, congenital, other neurologic, or non-neurologic. Categorical measures were compared using Pearson chi-square tests; continuous measures were compared using t-tests.
Among participants with HIV infection, 36/108 (33%) had incidental findings compared to 33/125 (26%) controls (p = 0.248). Rates of incidental findings were significantly correlated with increasing age in both participants with HIV infection (p = 0.013) and controls (p = 0.022). We found no correlation between presence of incidental findings and sex or race/ethnicity among either cohort, and no correlation with CD4 count or HAND status for the HIV-infected cohort.
Incidental findings were common in both participants with HIV infection and controls, at higher rates than previously reported in healthy populations. There was no significant difference in prevalence between the groups.
偶然发现是影像学诊断和研究目的的常见并发症。对于 HIV 感染患者脑 MRI 上偶然发现的发生率和类型知之甚少，这些患者可能存在 HIV 相关神经认知障碍（HAND）的风险。
该研究包括 108 例 HIV 感染患者和 125 名年龄匹配的未感染对照者，他们完成了 MRI 和神经心理学测试。研究小组将偶然发现分为血管性、肿瘤性、先天性、其他神经或非神经病变。使用 Pearson 卡方检验比较分类测量值；使用 t 检验比较连续测量值。
在 HIV 感染患者中，36/108（33%）例有偶然发现，而对照组为 33/125（26%）（p=0.248）。在 HIV 感染患者和对照组中，偶然发现的发生率均与年龄呈显著正相关（p=0.013 和 p=0.022）。我们发现，在两个队列中，偶然发现的存在与性别或种族/民族无关，而与 HIV 感染队列中的 CD4 计数或 HAND 状态无关。
在 HIV 感染患者和对照组中，偶然发现都很常见，发生率高于以前在健康人群中报道的发生率。两组之间的患病率没有显著差异。
