Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece.
Pest Manag Sci. 2020 Nov;76(11):3568-3576. doi: 10.1002/ps.5847. Epub 2020 Jul 18.
The insecticidal efficacy of selected mosquito larvicides [teflubenzuron, S-methoprene, diflubenzuron, temephos, Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)], applied alone or in combination, against two Culex pipiens biotypes, Cx. p. pipiens and Cx. p. molestus, was compared under laboratory and semi-field conditions. Registered larvicides were evaluated at the label dose, whereas those not registered for mosquito control were tested at the label dose per area, i.e. as plant protection products. Teflubenzuron and temephos were also evaluated at half the label dose, alone or in combination with a non-ionic surfactant. Larval mortality and adult emergence were assessed after 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 16 and 20 days of exposure.
In all cases, PDMS showed complete (100%) larval control after 3 days of exposure against both biotypes. With temephos, all larvae were dead after 1 day of exposure, even at half the label dose. For teflubenzuron, mortality reached 100% at the end of the bioassays and adult emergence was avoided completely, whereas for diflubenzuron, mortality was close to 100% at the end of the trials. By contrast, in S-methoprene-treated water, control was below the 90% mortality threshold for both biotypes. In semi-field trails, in all treatments with Bti, all larvae of both biotypes were dead after 1 day of exposure.
Based on our data, and with the exception of S-methoprene, the larvicides tested remained below the threshold for effective treatment against larvae of Cx. p. pipiens and Cx. p. molestus for the entire duration of the study. Most of the larvicides tested showed high levels of efficacy against Cx. p. pipiens and Cx. p. molestus larvae in laboratory and semi-field bioassays. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
在实验室和半野外条件下，比较了单独或组合使用选定的杀虫剂[氟铃脲、S-烯虫酯、除虫脲、涕灭威、苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列变种（Bti）和聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）]对两种库蚊生物型（Cx. pipiens pipiens 和 Cx. p. molestus）的杀虫效果。已注册的杀虫剂按标签剂量进行评估，而未注册用于蚊虫控制的杀虫剂则按标签剂量/面积进行测试，即作为植保产品。氟铃脲和涕灭威也按标签剂量的一半单独或与非离子表面活性剂组合进行评估。暴露 1、3、5、7、9、11、16 和 20 天后评估幼虫死亡率和成虫羽化率。
在所有情况下，PDMS 在暴露 3 天后对两种生物型均表现出完全（100%）的幼虫控制。涕灭威在暴露 1 天后，所有幼虫全部死亡，即使是标签剂量的一半。氟铃脲在生物测定结束时死亡率达到 100%，完全避免了成虫羽化，而除虫脲在试验结束时死亡率接近 100%。相比之下，在 S-烯虫酯处理的水中，两种生物型的死亡率均低于 90%的致死阈值。在半野外试验中，在 Bti 的所有处理中，两种生物型的所有幼虫在暴露 1 天后全部死亡。
根据我们的数据，除 S-烯虫酯外，在所测试的杀虫剂中，在整个研究期间，对 Cx. p. pipiens 和 Cx. p. molestus 的幼虫的处理效果均低于有效处理的阈值。在实验室和半野外生物测定中，大多数测试的杀虫剂对 Cx. p. pipiens 和 Cx. p. molestus 幼虫表现出很高的功效。© 2020 英国化学学会。
