Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer. 2020 Aug;1874(1):188386. doi: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188386. Epub 2020 Jun 12.
Chemotherapy (CT), radiotherapy (RT), and chemoradiotherapy (CRT) are able to alter the composition of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Understanding the effect of these modalities on the TIME could aid in the development of improved treatment strategies. Our aim was to systematically review studies investigating the influence of CT, RT or CRT on different TIME markers.
The EMBASE (Ovid) and PubMed databases were searched until January 2019 for prospective or retrospective studies investigating the dynamics of the local TIME in cancer patients (pts) treated with CT, RT or CRT, with or without targeted agents. Studies could either compare baseline and follow-up specimens - before and after treatment - or a treated versus an untreated cohort. Studies were included if they used immunohistochemistry and/or flow cytometry to assess the TIME.
In total we included 110 studies (n = 8850 pts), of which n = 89 (n = 6295 pts) compared pre-treatment to post-treatment specimens and n = 25 (n = 2555 pts) a treated versus an untreated cohort (4 studies conducted both comparisons). For several tumor types (among others; breast, cervical, esophageal, ovarian, rectal, lung mesothelioma and pancreatic cancer) remodeling of the TIME was observed, leading to a potentially more immunologically active microenvironment, including one or more of the following: an increase in CD3 or CD8 lymphocytes, a decrease in FOXP3 Tregs and increased PD-L1 expression. Both CT and CRT were able to immunologically alter the TIME.
The TIME of several tumor types is significantly altered after conventional therapy creating opportunities for concurrent or sequential immunotherapy.
化疗（CT）、放疗（RT）和放化疗（CRT）能够改变肿瘤免疫微环境（TIME）的组成。了解这些治疗方法对 TIME 的影响可能有助于开发改进的治疗策略。我们的目的是系统地回顾研究 CT、RT 或 CRT 对不同 TIME 标志物影响的研究。
直到 2019 年 1 月，我们在 EMBASE（Ovid）和 PubMed 数据库中搜索了前瞻性或回顾性研究，这些研究调查了接受 CT、RT 或 CRT 治疗的癌症患者（pts）的局部 TIME 动态，这些治疗方法有或没有靶向药物。研究可以比较基线和随访标本-治疗前和治疗后-或治疗组与未治疗组。如果研究使用免疫组织化学和/或流式细胞术来评估 TIME，则将其纳入研究。
我们总共纳入了 110 项研究（n=8850 例患者），其中 n=89（n=6295 例患者）比较了治疗前和治疗后的标本，n=25（n=2555 例患者）比较了治疗组和未治疗组（4 项研究同时进行了这两种比较）。对于几种肿瘤类型（包括乳腺癌、宫颈癌、食管癌、卵巢癌、直肠癌、间皮瘤和胰腺癌），TIME 发生了重塑，导致了潜在更具免疫活性的微环境，包括以下一种或多种：CD3 或 CD8 淋巴细胞增加、FOXP3 Tregs 减少和 PD-L1 表达增加。CT 和 CRT 均能使 TIME 免疫发生改变。
几种肿瘤类型的 TIME 在常规治疗后明显改变，为同时或序贯免疫治疗创造了机会。
