The Danish Committee for Health Education, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Public Health, Section of Nursing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Matern Child Nutr. 2020 Jul;16(3):e12986. doi: 10.1111/mcn.12986. Epub 2020 Mar 5.
Many new mothers do not reach their breastfeeding goals. Breastfeeding self-efficacy is a modifiable determinant influenced by prior and new breastfeeding experiences. More knowledge about factors associated with early breastfeeding experiences and breastfeeding self-efficacy would allow us to qualify breastfeeding counselling and increase breastfeeding duration. This study aimed to identify prevalence and factors associated with early negative breastfeeding experience, low breastfeeding self-efficacy in the first week postpartum, and drop in self-efficacy from late pregnancy to early postpartum period. A prospective longitudinal study was performed in Denmark from 2013 to 2014, including 2, 804 mothers. Results showed that 1 week postpartum almost 10% of mothers had negative breastfeeding experiences, 36% had low breastfeeding self-efficacy, and 26% drop in self-efficacy from pregnancy. Negative breastfeeding experiences were significantly associated with epidural analgesia, interrupted skin-to-skin contact immediately postpartum, short previous breastfeeding duration, and lacking social support. Low breastfeeding self-efficacy was associated with low breastfeeding intention, short previous breastfeeding duration, and negative breastfeeding experiences in the first week postpartum. Finally, significant associations of drop in breastfeeding self-efficacy from late pregnancy were no or short education, early negative breastfeeding experiences, prior short breastfeeding duration, and low general breastfeeding self-efficacy in pregnancy. Negative breastfeeding experiences in the first week postpartum is crucial for maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy 1 week following birth. It is important to identify and support mothers at risk of negative breastfeeding experiences in the first week following birth and address factors that might increase the probability of early successful breastfeeding experiences.
许多新妈妈未能达到母乳喂养的目标。母乳喂养自我效能感是一个可改变的决定因素，受到先前和新的母乳喂养经历的影响。更多了解与早期母乳喂养经历和母乳喂养自我效能感相关的因素，可以让我们对母乳喂养咨询进行质量把控，增加母乳喂养的持续时间。本研究旨在确定早期间歇性母乳喂养体验、产后第一周母乳喂养自我效能感低以及从妊娠晚期到产后早期自我效能感下降的流行率和相关因素。本前瞻性纵向研究于 2013 年至 2014 年在丹麦进行，共纳入 2804 名母亲。结果显示，产后 1 周约有 10%的母亲有负面母乳喂养体验，36%的母亲母乳喂养自我效能感低，26%的母亲从妊娠晚期到产后早期自我效能感下降。负面母乳喂养体验与硬膜外镇痛、产后立即中断皮肤接触、先前母乳喂养时间短以及缺乏社会支持显著相关。母乳喂养自我效能感低与母乳喂养意愿低、先前母乳喂养时间短以及产后第一周的负面母乳喂养体验相关。最后，从妊娠晚期到产后的母乳喂养自我效能感下降与教育程度低或短、早期负面母乳喂养体验、先前母乳喂养时间短以及妊娠时一般母乳喂养自我效能感低显著相关。产后第一周的负面母乳喂养体验对产妇产后 1 周的母乳喂养自我效能感至关重要。重要的是要识别和支持产后第一周有负面母乳喂养体验风险的母亲，并解决可能增加早期成功母乳喂养体验概率的因素。
