Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC.
Department of Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2020 Dec;52(12):2581-2589. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002422.
This study aimed 1) to define the principal components of physical function assessed by 10 common lower extremity physical performance tests and 2) to derive a reduced-item set of physical performance tests that efficiently and accurately measures raw performance and limb symmetry on each underlying component in pediatric and adolescent athletes.
This study included healthy, uninjured volunteers (n = 100) between the ages 6 and 18 yr (mean age = 11.7 ± 3.6 yr; 52 females). Subjects performed the stork balance, stork balance on BOSU® Balance Trainer, single leg squat (SLS), SLS on BOSU, clockwise and counterclockwise quadrant single leg hop (SLH), forward SLH, timed SLH, triple crossover SLH, and lower quarter Y-Balance Test™. Item reduction was performed using principal components analysis (PCA). We developed separate principal components analysis for average raw performance and side-to-side limb symmetry, with secondary analyses to evaluate consistency of results by age and sex.
We identified two components for average raw performance (accounting for 65.2% of the variance in total test battery) with a reduced-item set composed of five tests, and four components for limb symmetry (accounting for 62.9% of the variance in total test battery) with a reduced-item set of seven tests. The most parsimonious test suitable for screening both average raw performance and limb symmetry would consist of five tests (stork balance on BOSU, SLS on BOSU, forward SLH, timed SLH, and lower quarter Y-Balance Test™). Age- and sex-specific test batteries may be warranted.
Comprehensive screening for lower extremity average raw performance and limb symmetry is possible with short physical performance test batteries.
本研究旨在：1）定义 10 项常见下肢体能测试评估的身体功能的主要成分；2）推导出一个简化的体能测试项目集，以便在儿童和青少年运动员中高效、准确地测量每个潜在成分的原始表现和肢体对称性。
本研究纳入了 100 名年龄在 6 至 18 岁（平均年龄=11.7±3.6 岁；52 名女性）的健康、未受伤的志愿者。受试者完成了单腿站立平衡、单腿站立平衡在 BOSU®平衡训练器上、单腿深蹲、单腿深蹲在 BOSU 上、顺时针和逆时针象限单腿跳跃、向前单腿跳跃、计时单腿跳跃、三交叉单腿跳跃和下四分之一 Y 平衡测试™。使用主成分分析（PCA）进行项目减少。我们为平均原始表现和左右肢体对称性分别进行了主成分分析，并进行了次要分析，以评估按年龄和性别评估结果的一致性。
我们确定了两个用于平均原始表现的成分（占总测试电池的 65.2%的方差），其简化项目集由五项测试组成，以及四个用于肢体对称性的成分（占总测试电池的 62.9%的方差），简化项目集由七项测试组成。最节省空间的适合筛查平均原始表现和肢体对称性的测试将由五项测试组成（BOSU 上的单腿站立平衡、BOSU 上的单腿深蹲、向前单腿跳跃、计时单腿跳跃和下四分之一 Y 平衡测试™）。可能需要针对年龄和性别特异性的测试电池。
使用简短的体能测试电池可以全面筛查下肢的平均原始表现和肢体对称性。
