Fudala-Ksiazek Sylwia, Pierpaoli Mattia, Luczkiewicz Aneta
Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland.
Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning - Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
Waste Manag. 2018 Aug;78:94-103. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.05.012. Epub 2018 May 28.
In this study, a pilot-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) was operated at a municipal solid waste plant (MSWP) to treat a mixture of landfill leachates (LLs) obtained from modern (MP-LLs) and previous (PP-LLs) waste cells. The MBR unit combined anoxic and aerobic zones with external ultra- and nanofiltration (MBR/UF and MBR/UF/NF, respectively). In addition to the removal of macropollutants, special attention was given to phthalates (PAEs) and bisphenol A (BPA). According to the obtained results, the MBR/UF system with acclimated biomass was effective for treating LLs, and the obtained effluent was generally similar in quality to raw municipal wastewater. The MBR biomass showed high potential for BPA and PAEs biodegradation/biotransformation as confirmed by a metagenomic approach. Only a high chloride concentration (1960 mg Cl/L), which was twice the value acceptable by Polish regulations for industrial wastewater entering the municipal wastewater system, justifies the additional usage of the NF unit. Notably, a decreasing amount of biodegradable organic matter in MBR influent is expected with time because of changes in the biochemistry of modern waste cells; therefore, an external carbon source would probably be needed to support denitrification. However, the cooccurrence of an aerobic and anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing community with denitrifying bacteria provides the opportunity for advanced removal of nitrogen and organic carbon.
在本研究中，在一座城市固体废弃物处理厂运行了一个中试规模的膜生物反应器（MBR），以处理从现代（MP-LLs）和以前（PP-LLs）的垃圾池获得的混合垃圾渗滤液。该MBR单元将缺氧区和好氧区与外部超滤和纳滤相结合（分别为MBR/UF和MBR/UF/NF）。除了去除大污染物外，还特别关注了邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）和双酚A（BPA）。根据所得结果，具有驯化生物质的MBR/UF系统对处理垃圾渗滤液有效，并且所得出水的质量通常与原城市污水相似。宏基因组学方法证实，MBR生物质对BPA和PAEs的生物降解/生物转化具有很高的潜力。只有高氯离子浓度（1960 mg Cl/L），这是波兰法规允许进入城市污水系统的工业废水值的两倍，才证明需要额外使用纳滤单元。值得注意的是，由于现代垃圾池生物化学的变化，预计随着时间的推移，MBR进水的可生物降解有机物量会减少；因此，可能需要外部碳源来支持反硝化作用。然而，好氧和厌氧氨氧化群落与反硝化细菌的共存为深度去除氮和有机碳提供了机会。
